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1500 questions
88
votes
2 answers

Why is rsync skipping the main directory?

I'm trying to use rync locally (on a windows machine) to a remote server (my osx box) in order to test a remote deploy build script. I've done rsync before just fine between 2 linux servers, but I'm having problems now. Here is the output: $ rsync…
chrisan
  • 1,037
88
votes
11 answers

How to remove invalid characters from filenames?

I have files with invalid characters like these 009_-_�%86ndringshåndtering.html It is a Æ where something have gone wrong in the filename. Is there a way to just remove all invalid characters? or could tr be used somehow? echo…
Sandra
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88
votes
5 answers

Best location to keep SSL certificates and private keys on Ubuntu servers?

On Ubuntu, it looks like the best place for a private key used to sign a certificate (for use by nginx) is in /etc/ssl/private/ This answer adds that the certificate should go in /etc/ssl/certs/ but that seems like an unsafe place. Do .crt files…
Adam Nelson
  • 1,767
88
votes
11 answers

How to make scp copy hidden files?

I often use SCP to copy files around - particularly web-related files. The problem is that whenever I do this, I can't get my command to copy hidden files (eg, .htaccess). I typically invoke this: scp -rp src/ user@server:dest/ This doesn't copy…
poundifdef
  • 1,188
87
votes
7 answers

What is the Windows equivalent of Unix "whoami" command?

Is there a Windows equivalent of Unix "whoami" command? If so, what is it?
Kip
  • 3,700
87
votes
15 answers

ssh connection takes forever to initiate, stuck at "pledge: network"

Connection to one of my servers using ssh takes more than 20 seconds to initiate. This is not related to LAN or WAN conditions, since connection to itself takes the same (ssh localhost). After connection is finally establised, it is super fast to…
M-Jack
  • 1,436
87
votes
86 answers

Best system administrator accident

I'm looking for amusing stories of system administrator accidents you have had. Deleting the CEO's email, formatting the wrong hard drive, etc. I'll add my own story as an answer.
Alan H
  • 2,332
87
votes
2 answers

How to open port for a specific IP address with firewall-cmd on CentOS?

I would like to open port 4567 for the IP address 1.2.3.4 with the firewall-cmd command on a CentOS 7.1 server. How can I achieve this, as the documentation I could find was too specific on this?
Michaël Perrin
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87
votes
8 answers

Copy directory structure intact to AWS S3 bucket

I want to use the AWS S3 cli to copy a full directory structure to an S3 bucket. So far, everything I've tried copies the files to the bucket, but the directory structure is collapsed. (to say it another way, each file is copied into the root…
agentv
  • 1,060
87
votes
6 answers

How do I list all connected Salt Stack minions?

Sometimes my saltmaster hangs for a while on salt '*' test.ping waiting for downed minions to reply. Is there a way so see a list of connected minions, regardless of whether they respond to test.ping?
Petrus Theron
  • 1,621
87
votes
3 answers

How long does negative DNS caching typically last?

If a DNS server looks up a record and it's missing, it will often "negatively cache" the fact that this record is missing, and not try to look it up again for a while. I don't see anything in the RFC about the TTL on negative caching should be, so…
Leopd
  • 2,067
87
votes
6 answers

What does passing the -xe parameters to /bin/bash do

Exactly what the title says. I'm not having much luck finding the proper documentation to see what -xe does in the following use case: #!/bin/bash -xe what do those parameters do and where it is documented?
imaginative
  • 2,021
87
votes
6 answers

Do SPF Records For Primary Domain apply to subdomains?

I have a quick question regarding SPF records: Do they need to be present for all subdomains? Lets say that I have a TXT record with SPF info for domain.com Let's also say that I have a seperate email domain for subdomain.domain.com Will the SPF…
Mike B
  • 12,304
87
votes
3 answers

nginx real_ip_header and X-Forwarded-For seems wrong

The wikipedia description of the HTTP header X-Forwarded-For is: X-Forwarded-For: client1, proxy1, proxy2, ... The nginx documentation for the directive real_ip_header reads, in part: This directive sets the name of the header used for…
Kirk Woll
  • 973
87
votes
2 answers

How can I zip/compress a symlink?

Is it possible and how can I zip a symlink from a linux shell?
DucDigital
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