1517 Hebron attacks

1517 Hebron attacks occurred in the final phases of the Ottoman–Mamluk War (1516–17), when Turkish Ottomans had ousted the Mamluks and taken Ottoman Syria. The attacks targeted the Jewish population of the city.

Events

An account of the event, recorded by Japheth ben Manasseh in 1518, mentions how the onslaught was initiated by Turkish troops led by Murad Bey, the deputy of the Sultan from Jerusalem.^[1]^[2] Jews were attacked, beaten and raped, and many were killed as their homes and businesses were looted and pillaged.^[3] It has been suggested that the stable financial position of the Hebronite Jews at the time was what attracted the Turkish soldiers to engage in the mass plunder.^[1] Others suggest the attack could have in fact taken place in the midst of a localised conflict, an uprising by the Mamluks against the new Ottoman rulers.^[4] Those who survived the calamity fled to Beirut and Jews only returned to Hebron 16 years later in 1533.^[3]

References

^ ^a ^b Fred Skolnik; Michael Berenbaum (2007). Encyclopaedia Judaica. Macmillan Reference USA in association with the Keter Pub. House. p. 746. ISBN 978-0-02-865936-7.
^ Jerold S. Auerbach (30 July 2009). Hebron Jews: memory and conflict in the land of Israel. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 40. ISBN 978-0-7425-6615-6.
^ ^a ^b The Solomon Goldman lectures. Spertus College of Judaica Press. 1999. p. 56. ISBN 978-0-935982-57-2. The Turks' conquest of the city in 1517, was marked by a violent pogrom of murder, rape, and plunder of Jewish homes. The surviving Jews fled to the "land of Beirut", not to return until 1533.
^ Alan David Crown (1989). The Samaritans. Mohr Siebeck. p. 114. ISBN 978-3-16-145237-6.

[SkolnikBerenbaum2007-1] Fred Skolnik; Michael Berenbaum (2007). Encyclopaedia Judaica. Macmillan Reference USA in association with the Keter Pub. House. p. 746. ISBN 978-0-02-865936-7.

[Auerbach2009-2] Jerold S. Auerbach (30 July 2009). Hebron Jews: memory and conflict in the land of Israel. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 40. ISBN 978-0-7425-6615-6.

[JudaicaStudies1999-3] The Solomon Goldman lectures. Spertus College of Judaica Press. 1999. p. 56. ISBN 978-0-935982-57-2. The Turks' conquest of the city in 1517, was marked by a violent pogrom of murder, rape, and plunder of Jewish homes. The surviving Jews fled to the "land of Beirut", not to return until 1533.

[Crown1989-4] Alan David Crown (1989). The Samaritans. Mohr Siebeck. p. 114. ISBN 978-3-16-145237-6.

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Old Yishuv
Jewish community in the Mutasarrifate of Jerusalem under Ottoman rule
Key events
Nachmanides Aliya (1263) Alhambra decree (1492) Manuel I decree (1496) and Safed attacks (1517) Revival of Tiberias (1563) Sack of Tiberias (1660) Plunder of Safed (June 1834) Hebron massacre (August 1834) Safed attack (1838) Jerusalem expansion Moshavot establishment
Key figures
Nachmanides (d.1270) Joseph Saragossi (d. 1507) Obadiah MiBartenura (d. 1515) Abraham ben Eliezer Halevi (d. 1528) Levi ibn Habib (d. 1545) Jacob Berab (d. 1546) Joseph Nasi (d. 1579) Moses Galante (d. 1689) Moses ibn Habib (d. 1696) Yehuda he-Hasid (d. 1700) Haim Abulafia (d. 1744) Menachem Mendel (d. 1788) Haim Farhi (d. 1820) Aaron Hershler (d. 1873) Jacob Saphir (d. 1886) Haim Aharon Valero (d. 1923)
Economy
Etrog cultivation Winemaking Banking Printing Soap production Textiles
Philanthropy
Kollel Halukka Montefiore Judah Touro
Communities
Musta'arabim Sephardim Perushim Hasidim Jerusalem Mea Shearim Mishkenot Sha'ananim Hebron Safed Tiberias Biriya Jaffa Haifa Peki'in Acco Shechem Gaza Kafr Yasif Shefa-'Amr Petah Tikva
Synagogues
Great Academy of Paris (1258) Ramban (1267) Abuhav (1490s) Abraham Avinu (1540) Ari (1570s) Johanan ben Zakai (1600s) Hurva (1700) Tifereth Israel (1872)
Related articles
History of Palestine (region) History of Israel Four Holy Cities Applicability of religious laws History of Zionism Timeline Pre-Modern Aliyah Return to Zion Three Oaths Haredim and Zionism Edah HaChareidis ShaDaR

Events

See also

References