2010 Bivalvia taxonomy

An assortment of shells of marine bivalves and a few marine gastropods found on a beach in Wales

In May 2010, a new taxonomy of the Bivalvia was published in the journal Malacologia. The 2010 taxonomy is known as the Taxonomy of the Bivalvia (Bouchet, Rocroi, Bieler, Carter & Coan, 2010). The 2010 taxonomy was published as Nomenclator of Bivalve Families with a Classification of Bivalve Families.^[1] This was a revised system for classifying bivalve mollusks such as clams, oysters, scallops, mussels and so on. In compiling this new taxonomy, the authors used a variety of phylogenetic information including molecular analysis, anatomical analysis, shell morphology and shell microstructure, as well as bio-geographic, paleobiogeographical and stratigraphic information.

In this classification, 324 families were recognized as valid. Of those, 214 are known exclusively as fossils. The remaining 110 families occur in the recent past, with or without a fossil record.^[1] This classification has since been adopted by WoRMS, the World Register of Marine Species.^[2]

The classification system

Classification of Class Bivalvia (under the redaction of Rüdiger Bieler, Joseph G. Carter and Eugene V. Coan) (all taxa marked † are extinct) :^[3]

Subclass, order, superfamily incertae sedis

Family †Archaeocardiidae
Family †Camyidae
Family †Cardiolariidae
Family †Cirravidae
Family †Fordillidae
Family †Laurskiidae
Family †Thoraliidae
Family †Tuarangiidae

Clade Heterodonta

Order and superfamily incertae sedis

Family †Anodontopsidae
Family †Baidiostracidae
Family †Carydiidae
Family †Intihuarellidae
Family †Lyrodesmatidae
Family †Montanariidae
Family †Nyassidae
Family †Pseudarcidae
Family †Redoniidae
Family †Tanaodontidae
Family †Zadimerodiidae

Order incertae sedis

Superfamily †Anthracosioidea
- Family †Anthracosiidae
- Family †Carbonicolidae
- Family †Opokiellidae
- Family Priukiellidae
- Family †Shaanxiconchidae
- Family †Sinomyidae
Superfamily Gastrochaenoidea
- Family Gastrochaenidae
Superfamily Hiatelloidea
- Family Hiatellidae
Superfamily †Kalenteroidea
- Family †Kalenteridae
Superfamily †Modiomorphoidea
- Family †Cypricardiniidae
- Family †Hippopodiumidae
- Family †Modiomorphidae
- Family †Palaeopharidae
- Family †Tusayanidae
Superfamily Solenoidea
- Family Pharidae
- Family Solenidae

Order †Actinodontida

Superfamily †Cycloconchoidea
- Family †Actinodontidae
- Family †Cycloconchidae

Order Carditida

Superfamily incertae sedis
- Family †Aenigmoconchidae
- Family †Palaeocarditidae
- Family Cardiniidae
- Family †Myophoricardiidae
Superfamily Carditoidea
- Family Carditidae
- Family Condylocardiidae
Superfamily Crassatelloidea
- Family Astartidae
- Family Crassatellidae
- Family †Eodonidae
- Family †Ptychomyidae

Order †Hippuritida

Superfamily †Radiolitoidea
- Family †Antillocaprinidae
- Family †Caprinidae
- Family †Caprinulidae
- Family †Caprotinidae
- Family †Diceratidae
- Family †Hippuritidae
- Family †Ichthyosarcolitidae
- Family †Monopleuridae
- Family †Plagioptychidae
- Family †Radiolitidae
- Family †Techmanellidae
Superfamily †Requienioidea
- Family †Epiceratidae
- Family †Requieniidae

Order Lucinida

Superfamily †Babinkoidea
- Family †Babinkidae
- Family †Coxiconchiidae
Superfamily Lucinoidea
- Family Lucinidae
- Family †Mactromyidae
- Family †Paracyclidae
Superfamily Thyasiroidea
- Family Thyasiridae

Order Myida

Superfamily Myoidea
- Family Corbulidae
- Family Erodonidae
- Family Myidae
- Family †Pleurodesmatidae
- Family †Raetomyidae
Superfamily Pholadoidea
- Family Pholadidae
- Family Teredinidae

Order †Orthonotida

Superfamily †Orthonotoidea
- Family †Konduriidae
- Family †Orthonotidae
- Family †Prothyridae
- Family †Solenomorphidae

Order Pholadomyida (=Anomalodesmata)

Superfamily incertae sedis
- Family †Ucumariidae
Superfamily Ceratomyoidea
- Family †Ceratomyidae
Superfamily Clavagelloidea
- Family Clavagellidae
- Family Penicillidae
Superfamily †Edmondioidea
- Family †Edmondiidae
- Family †Pachydomidae
Superfamily Myochamoidea
- Family Cleidothaeridae
- Family Myochamidae
Superfamily Pandoroidea
- Family Lyonsiidae
- Family Pandoridae
Superfamily Pholadomyoidea
- Family †Burmesiidae
- Family †Ceratomyopsidae
- Family †Grammysiidae
- Family †Margaritariidae
- Family Parilimyidae
- Family Pholadomyidae
- Family †Pleuromyidae
- Family †Sanguinolitidae
Superfamily Thracioidea
- Family Laternulidae
- Family Periplomatidae
- Family Thraciidae
Clade Septibranchia (within Pholadomyida)
- Superfamily Cuspidarioidea
  - Family Cuspidariidae
  - Family Halonymphidae
  - Family Protocuspidariidae
  - Family Spheniopsidae
- Superfamily Poromyoidea
  - Family Cetoconchidae
  - Family Poromyidae
- Superfamily Verticordioidea
  - Family Euciroidae
  - Family Lyonsiellidae
  - Family Verticordiidae

Order Venerida

Superfamily incertae sedis
- Family †Hemidonacidae
Superfamily Arcticoidea
- Family Arcticidae
- Family† Euloxidae
- Family †Isocyprinidae
- Family †Pollicidae
- Family Trapezidae
- Family †Veniellidae
Superfamily Cardioidea
- Family Cardiidae
Superfamily Chamoidea
- Family Chamidae
Superfamily Cyamioidea
- Family Basterotiidae
- Family Cyamiidae
- Family Galatheavalvidae
- Family Sportellidae
Superfamily Cyrenoidea
- Family Cyrenidae
- Family Glauconomidae
Superfamily Cyrenoidoidea
- Family Cyrenoididae
Superfamily Dreissenoidea
- Family Dreissenidae
Superfamily Gaimardioidea
- Family Gaimardiidae
Superfamily Galeommatoidea
- Family Galeommatidae
- Family Lasaeidae
Superfamily Glossoidea
- Family Glossidae
- Family Kelliellidae
- Family Vesicomyidae
Superfamily Mactroidea
- Family Anatinellidae
- Family Cardiliidae
- Family Mactridae
- Family Mesodesmatidae
Superfamily Sphaerioidea
- Family †Ferganoconchidae
- Family †Kijidae
- Family †Limnocyrenidae
- Family †Neomiodontidae
- Family †Pseudocardiniidae
- Family †Sibireconchidae
- Family Sphaeriidae
Superfamily Tellinoidea
- Family Donacidae
- Family †Icanotiidae
- Family Psammobiidae
- Family †Quenstedtiidae
- Family Semelidae
- Family Solecurtidae
- Family †Sowerbyidae
- Family †Tancrediidae
- Family Tellinidae
- Family †Unicardiopsidae
Superfamily Ungulinoidea
- Family Ungulinidae
Superfamily Veneroidea
- Family Neoleptonidae
- Family Veneridae

†"Megalodonts"

Family †Congeriomorphidae
Family †Dicerocardiidae
Family †Mecynodontidae
Family †Megalodontidae
Family †Pachyrismatidae
Family †Plethocardiidae
Family †Wallowaconchidae

Clade Palaeoheterodonta

Order Trigoniida

Superfamily †Beichuanioidea Liu & Gu, 1988
- Family †Beichuaniidae Liu & Gu, 1988
Superfamily †Megatrigonioidea Van Hoepen, 1929
- Family †Iotrigoniidae Savelive, 1958
- Family †Megatrigoniidae Van Hoepen, 1929
- Family †Rutitrigoniidae Van Hoepen, 1929
Superfamily Myophorelloidea Kobayashi, 1954
- Family †Buchotrigoniidae Leanza, 1993
- Family †Laevitrigoniidae Savelive, 1958
- Family †Myophorellidae Kobayashi, 1954
- Family †Vaugoniidae Kobayashi, 1954
Superfamily Trigonioidea Lamarck, 1819
- Family †Eoschizodidae Newell & Boyd, 1975 (syn: Curtonotidae)
- Family †Groeberellidae Pérez, Reyes, & Danborenea 1995
- Family †Myophoriidae Bronn, 1849 (syn: Cytherodontidae, Costatoriidae, Gruenewaldiidae)
- Family †Prosogyrotrigoniidae Kobayashi, 1954
- Family †Scaphellinidae Newell & Ciriacks, 1962
- Family †Schizodidae Newell & Boyd, 1975
- Family †Sinodoridae Pojeta & Zhang, 1984
- Family Trigoniidae Lamarck, 1819

Order Unionida

Superfamily †Archanodontoidea Modell, 1957 (placement in Unionoida uncertain)
- Family †Archanodontidae Modell, 1957
Superfamily incertae sedis
- Family †Desertellidae
- Family †Trigonodidae
- Family †Utschamiellidae
Superfamily Etherioidea Deshayes, 1832
- Family Etheriidae Deshayes, 1832 (syn: Mulleriidae, Pseudomulleriidae)
- Family Iridinidae Swainson, 1840 (syn: Mutelidae, Pleiodontidae)
- Family Mycetopodidae Gray, 1840
Superfamily Hyrioidea Swainson, 1840
- Family Hyriidae Swainson, 1840
Superfamily †Trigonioidoidea Cox, 1952
- Family †Jilinoconchidae Ma, 1989 (placement uncertain)
- Family †Nakamuranaiadidae Guo, 1981 (syn:Sinonaiinae, Nippononaiidae)
- Family †Plicatounionidae Chen, 1988
- Family †Pseudohyriidae Kobayashi, 1968
- Family †Sainschandiidae Kolesnikov, 1977
- Family †Trigonioididae Cox, 1952
Superfamily Unionoidea Rafinesque, 1820
- Family Liaoningiidae Yu & Dong, 1993 (placement uncertain)
- Family Margaritiferidae Henderson, 1929 (syn:Margaritaninae, Cumberlandiinae, Promargaritiferidae)
- Family †Sancticarolitidae Simone & Mezzalira, 1997
- Family Unionidae Rafinesque, 1820

Subclass Protobranchia

Order and superfamily incertae sedis

Family †Afghanodesmatidae
Family †Antactinodiontidae
Family †Ctenodontidae
Family †Eritropidae
Family †Pseudocryrtodontidae
Family †Tironuculidae

Order Nuculanida

Superfamily Nuculanoidea
- Family Bathyspinulidae
- Family †Cadomiidae
- Family †Cucullellidae
- Family †Isoarcidae
- Family Malletiidae
- Family Neilonellidae
- Family Nuculanidae
- Family †Palaeoneilidae
- Family Phaseolidae (previously Lametilidae)
- Family †Polydevciidae
- Family Siliculidae
- Family Tindariidae
- Family Yoldiidae

Order Nuculida

Superfamily Nuculoidea
- Family Nuculidae
- Family †Nucularcidae
- Family †Palaeoconchichidae
- Family †Praenuculidae
- Family Sareptidae

Order Solemyida

Superfamily Manzanelloidea
- Family Manzanellidae
Superfamily Solemyoidea
- Family Solemyidae

Subclass Autobranchia

Superorder, order and superfamily incertae sedis

Family †Cercomyidae
Family †Palaeocardiidae
Family †Pucamyidae

Superorder Heteroconchia

Order incertae sedis

- Family †Amnigeniidae
- Family †Lipanellidae
- Family †Palaeomutelidae

Superorder Nepiomorphia

Order †Antipleurida

Superfamily †Dualinoidea
- Family †Dualinidae
- Family †Spanilidae
- Family †Stolidotidae

Order †Praecardiida

Superfamily †Praecardioidea
- Family †Buchiolidae
- Family †Praecardiidae
Superfamily †Cardioloidea
- Family †Cardiolidae
- Family †Slavidae

Superorder Pteriomorphia

Order and superfamily incertae sedis

Family †Eligmidae
Family †Evyanidae
Family †Ischyrodontidae
Family †Limatulinidae
Family †Matheriidae
Family †Myodakryotidae
Family †Pichleridae
Family †Rhombopteriidae
- Family †Umburridae

Order Arcida

Superfamily incertae sedis
- Family †Catamarcaiidae
Superfamily Arcoidea
- Family Arcidae
- Family Cucullaeidae
- Family Frejidae
- Family Glycymerididae
- Family Noetiidae
- Family †Parallelodontidae
Superfamily Limopsoidea
- Family Limopsidae
- Family Philobryidae

Order Cyrtodontida

Superfamily †Cyrtodontoidea
- Family †Cyrtodontidae
- Family †Ptychodesmatidae
Superfamily †Falcatodontoidea
- Family †Falcatodontidae

Order Limida

Superfamily Limoidea
- Family Limidae

Order Mytilida

Superfamily †Modiolopsoidea
- Family †Colpomyidae
- Family †Modiolopsidae
- Family †Saffordiidae
Superfamily Mytiloidea
- Family †Mysideiellidae
- Family Mytilidae

Order Ostreida

Superfamily Ostreoidea
- Family †Arctostreidae
- Family †Chondrodontidae
- Family Gryphaeidae
- Family Ostreidae

Order Pectinida

Superfamily incertae sedis
- Family †Euchondriidae
- Family †Praeostreidae
- Family †Prospondylidae
- Family †Saharopteriidae
- Family †Vlastidae
Superfamily Anomioidea
- Family Anomiidae
- Family †Permanomiidae
- Family Placunidae
Superfamily †Aulacomyelloidea
- Family †Aulacomyellidae
- Family †Bositridae
Superfamily †Aviculopectinoidea
- Family †Aviculopectinidae
- Family †Deltopectinidae
Superfamily †Buchioidea
- Family †Buchiidae
- Family †Eurydesmatidae
Superfamily †Chaenocardioidea
- Family †Chaenocardiidae
- Family †Binipectinidae
- Family †Streblochondriidae
Superfamily Dimyoidea
- Family Dimyidae
Superfamily †Heteropectinoidea
- Family †Acanthopectinidae
- Family †Annuliconchidae
- Family †Heteropectinidae
- Family †Limpectinidae
Superfamily †Halobioidea
- Family †Claraiidae
- Family †Daonellidae
- Family †Halobiidae
Superfamily †Leiopectinoidea
- Family †Leiopectinidae
Superfamily †Monotoidea
- Family †Dolponellidae
- Family †Monotidae
Superfamily †Oxytomoidea
- Family †Otapiriidae
- Family †Oxytomidae
Superfamily Pectinoidea
- Family Entoliidae
- Family †Entolioidesidae
- Family †Neitheidae
- Family Pectinidae
- Family †Pernopectinidae
- Family Propeamussiidae
- Family Spondylidae
- Family †Tosapectinidae
Superfamily Plicatuloidea
- Family Plicatulidae
Superfamily †Pseudomonotoidea
- Family †Hunanopectinidae
- Family †Pseudomonotidae
- Family †Terquemiidae
Superfamily †Pterinopectinoidea
- Family †Natalissimidae
- Family †Pterinopectinidae

Order Pteriida

Superfamily †Ambonychioidea
- Family †Ambonychiidae
- Family †Abiellidae
- Family †Alatoconchidae
- Family †Inoceramidae
- Family †Kinerkaellidae
- Family †Lunulacardiidae
- Family †Lunulacardiidae
- Family †Manticulidae
- Family †Monopteriidae
- Family †Myalinidae
- Family †Prokopievskiidae
- Family †Ramonalinidae
Superfamily Pinnoidea
- Family Pinnidae
Superfamily Pterioidea
- Family †Bakevelliidae
- Family †Cassianellidae
- Family †Isognomonidae
- Family †Kochiidae
- Family Malleidae
- Family †Pergamidiidae
- Family †Plicatosylidae
- Family †Posidoniidae
- Family †Pterineidae
- Family Pteriidae
- Family Pulvinitidae
- Family †Retroceramidae

References

^ ^a ^b Bouchet, Philippe; Rocroi, Jean-Pierre; Bieler, Rüdiger; Carter, Joseph G.; Coan, Eugene V. (2010). "Nomenclator of Bivalve Families with a Classification of Bivalve Families". Malacologia. 52 (2) (published May 2010): 1–184. doi:10.4002/040.052.0201. S2CID 86546840.
^ Gofas, Serge (2012). "Bivalvia". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 2012-06-30.
^ Joseph G. Carter; Cristian R. Altaba; Laurie C. Anderson; et al. (2011). "A Synoptical Classification of the Bivalvia (Mollusca)" (PDF). Paleontological Contributions. 2011 (4) (published 27 October 2011): 1–47. doi:10.17161/PC.1808.8287. S2CID 85677845.

[10.4002/040.052.0201-1] Bouchet, Philippe; Rocroi, Jean-Pierre; Bieler, Rüdiger; Carter, Joseph G.; Coan, Eugene V. (2010). "Nomenclator of Bivalve Families with a Classification of Bivalve Families". Malacologia. 52 (2) (published May 2010): 1–184. doi:10.4002/040.052.0201. S2CID 86546840.

[WoRMS-105-2] Gofas, Serge (2012). "Bivalvia". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 2012-06-30.

[Carter2011-3] Joseph G. Carter; Cristian R. Altaba; Laurie C. Anderson; et al. (2011). "A Synoptical Classification of the Bivalvia (Mollusca)" (PDF). Paleontological Contributions. 2011 (4) (published 27 October 2011): 1–47. doi:10.17161/PC.1808.8287. S2CID 85677845.

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