Cannabidivarin (CBDV, GWP42006) is a non-intoxicating psychoactive cannabinoid found in Cannabis. It is a homolog (chemistry) of cannabidiol (CBD), with the side-chain shortened by two methylene bridges (CH2 units).
Although cannabidivarin (CBDV) is usually a minor constituent of the cannabinoid profile, enhanced levels of CBDV have been reported in feral populations of C. indica ( = C. sativa ssp. indica var. kafiristanica) from northwest India, and in hashish from Nepal.[1][2][3]
CBDV demonstrated anticonvulsant in rodent models in a single published study.[4] It was identified for the first time in 1969 by Vollner et al.[5]
Similarly to CBD, it has seven double bond isomers and 30 stereoisomers (see: Cannabidiol#Isomerism). It is not scheduled by Convention on Psychotropic Substances. It is being actively developed by GW Pharmaceuticals (as GWP42006)[6] because of a demonstrated neurochemical pathway for previously observed anti-epileptic and anti-convulsive action.[7] GW has begun several Phase-2 trials for adult epilepsy,[8] for childhood epilepsy and for Prader-Willi Syndrome.[9][10]
See also
- List of investigational analgesics
References
- ^ Turner CE, Cheng PC, Lewis GS, Russell MH, Sharma GK (1979). "Constituents of Cannabis sativa XV: Botanical and chemical profile of Indian variants". Planta Medica. 37 (3): 217–25. doi:10.1055/s-0028-1097331. S2CID 83483599.
- ^ Hillig KW, Mahlberg PG (June 2004). "A chemotaxonomic analysis of cannabinoid variation in Cannabis (Cannabaceae)". American Journal of Botany. 91 (6): 966–975. doi:10.3732/ajb.91.6.966. PMID 21653452.
- ^ Merkus FW (August 1971). "Cannabivarin and tetrahydrocannabivarin, two new constituents of hashish". Nature. 232 (5312): 579–580. Bibcode:1971Natur.232..579M. doi:10.1038/232579a0. PMID 4937510. S2CID 4219797.
- ^ Hill AJ, Mercier MS, Hill TD, Glyn SE, Jones NA, Yamasaki Y, et al. (December 2012). "Cannabidivarin is anticonvulsant in mouse and rat". British Journal of Pharmacology. 167 (8): 1629–1642. doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.02207.x. PMC 3525866. PMID 22970845.
- ^ Vollner L, Bieniek D, Korte F (January 1969). "[Hashish. XX. Cannabidivarin, a new hashish constituent]". Tetrahedron Letters. 10 (3): 145–147. doi:10.1016/S0040-4039(01)87494-3. PMID 5778489.
- ^ "GW Pharmaceuticals Announces Preliminary Results of Phase 2a Study for its Pipeline Compound GWP42006". GW Pharmaceuticals. 21 February 2018. Retrieved 28 May 2019.
- ^ Amada N, Yamasaki Y, Williams CM, Whalley BJ (2013). "Cannabidivarin (CBDV) suppresses pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced increases in epilepsy-related gene expression". PeerJ. 1: e214. doi:10.7717/peerj.214. PMC 3840466. PMID 24282673.
- ^ "GW Pharmaceuticals Initiates Phase 2 Clinical Study of Cannabidivarin (CBDV) in Epilepsy" (Press release). GW Pharmaceuticals. May 6, 2015. Retrieved November 10, 2015.
- ^ "GW Pharma Press release". Archived from the original on 2015-11-21.
- ^ "NSW advice to practitioners on Medical Cannabis trials" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-11-21.
External links
|
|---|
Phytocannabinoids (comparison) | | Cannabibutols | |
|---|
| Cannabichromenes | |
|---|
| Cannabicyclols | |
|---|
| Cannabidiols |
- CBD
- CBD-C1
- CBD-C5
- CBDB
- CBDD
- CBDH
- CBDP
- CBDM
-
- CBDQ
|
|---|
| Cannabielsoins | |
|---|
| Cannabigerols | |
|---|
| Cannabiphorols | |
|---|
| Cannabinols |
- CBN
- CBNA
- CBN-C1
- CBN-C2
- CBN-C4
- CBNM
- CBND
- CBNP
- CBVD
|
|---|
| Cannabitriols | |
|---|
| Cannabivarins | |
|---|
| Delta-3-tetrahydrocannabinols | |
|---|
| Delta-4-tetrahydrocannabinols | |
|---|
| Delta-7-tetrahydrocannabinols | |
|---|
| Delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinols |
- Delta-8-THC
- Delta-8-THCB
- Delta-8-THCP
- Delta-8-THCV
|
|---|
| Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinols | |
|---|
| Delta-10-Tetrahydrocannabinols | |
|---|
| Delta-11-Tetrahydrocannabinols | |
|---|
| Miscellaneous cannabinoids | |
|---|
| Active metabolites | |
|---|
|
|---|
| Endocannabinoids | |
|---|
Synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists / neocannabinoids | Classical cannabinoids (dibenzopyrans) | |
|---|
Non-classical cannabinoids |
- Cannabicyclohexanol
- Cannabinor
- CBD-DMH
- CP 47,497
- (C6)-CP 47,497
- (C9)-CP 47,497
- CP 55,244
- CP 55,940
- Delta-6-Cannabidiol
- Etrinabdione
- HU-320
- HU-331
- HU-336
- HU-345
- HU-446
- HU-465
- HU-910
- HUF-101
- Nonabine
- O-1376
- O-1422
- O-1601
- O-1656
- O-1657
- O-1660
- O-1663
- O-1871
- Onternabez (HU-308)
- SPA-229
- Tinabinol
|
|---|
| Adamantoylindoles | |
|---|
| Benzimidazoles |
- AZ-11713908
- AZD-1940
- BIM-018
- FUBIMINA
- MCHB-1
- PF-03550096
- RQ-00202730
|
|---|
| Benzoylindoles |
- 1-Butyl-3-(2-methoxybenzoyl)indole
- 1-Butyl-3-(4-methoxybenzoyl)indole
- 1-Pentyl-3-(2-methoxybenzoyl)indole
- AM-630
- AM-679
- AM-694
- AM-1241
- AM-2233
- GW-405,833 (L-768,242)
- Pravadoline
- RCS-4
- WIN 54,461
|
|---|
| Cyclohexylphenols | |
|---|
| Eicosanoids |
- AM-883
- AM-1346
- ACEA
- ACPA
- Methanandamide (AM-356)
- O-585
- O-689
- O-1812
- O-1860
- O-1861
|
|---|
Indazole-3- carboxamides | |
|---|
| Indole-3-carboxamides |
- 4'F-CUMYL-5F-PICA
- 5F-ADBICA
- 5F-EDMB-PICA
- 5F-MDMB-PICA
- 5F-NNE1
- 5F-PCN
- 5F-SDB-006
- AB-FUBICA
- AB-PICA
- ADBICA
- ADB-FUBICA
- APICA
- BMS-F
- CUMYL-BICA
- CUMYL-CBMICA
- CUMYL-CHMICA
- CUMYL-NBMICA
- CUMYL-PICA
- CUMYL-5F-PICA
- FDU-NNE1
- MDMB-CHMICA
- MMB-CHMICA
- MMB-2201
- MN-25 (UR-12)
- NNE1
- PX-1
- Org 28312
- Org 28611
- SDB-006
- STS-135
|
|---|
| Indole-3-carboxylates | |
|---|
| Naphthoylindazoles | |
|---|
| Naphthoylindoles |
- 5F-JWH-398
- AM-1220
- AM-1221
- AM-1235
- AM-2201
- AM-2232
- CHM-081
- EAM-2201
- FUB-JWH-018
- JWH-004
- JWH-007
- JWH-009
- JWH-011
- JWH-015
- JWH-016
- JWH-018
- JWH-019
- JWH-020
- JWH-042
- JWH-043
- JWH-046
- JWH-047
- JWH-048
- JWH-049
- JWH-050
- JWH-070
- JWH-072
- JWH-073
- JWH-076
- JWH-077
- JWH-079
- JWH-080
- JWH-081
- JWH-082
- JWH-083
- JWH-093
- JWH-094
- JWH-095
- JWH-096
- JWH-097
- JWH-098
- JWH-099
- JWH-100
- JWH-116
- JWH-120
- JWH-122
- JWH-148
- JWH-149
- JWH-151
- JWH-153
- JWH-159
- JWH-160
- JWH-163
- JWH-164
- JWH-165
- JWH-166
- JWH-180
- JWH-181
- JWH-182
- JWH-189
- JWH-193
- JWH-198
- JWH-200
- JWH-210
- JWH-211
- JWH-212
- JWH-213
- JWH-234
- JWH-235
- JWH-236
- JWH-239
- JWH-240
- JWH-241
- JWH-242
- JWH-258
- JWH-259
- JWH-260
- JWH-261
- JWH-262
- JWH-265
- JWH-266
- JWH-267
- JWH-268
- JWH-387
- JWH-398
- JWH-416
- JWH-417
- JWH-422
- JWH-423
- JWH-424
- JWH-425
- MAM-1220
- MAM-2201
- NE-CHMIMO
|
|---|
| Naphthoylpyrroles |
- JWH-030
- JWH-031
- JWH-032
- JWH-033
- JWH-036
- JWH-044
- JWH-045
- JWH-145
- JWH-146
- JWH-147
- JWH-150
- JWH-156
- JWH-243
- JWH-244
- JWH-245
- JWH-246
- JWH-292
- JWH-293
- JWH-307
- JWH-308
- JWH-309
- JWH-346
- JWH-347
- JWH-348
- JWH-363
- JWH-364
- JWH-365
- JWH-366
- JWH-367
- JWH-368
- JWH-369
- JWH-370
- JWH-371
- JWH-372
- JWH-373
|
|---|
| Naphthylmethylindenes | |
|---|
| Naphthylmethylindoles |
- JWH-175
- JWH-184
- JWH-185
- JWH-192
- JWH-194
- JWH-195
- JWH-196
- JWH-197
- JWH-199
|
|---|
| Phenylacetylindoles |
- Cannabipiperidiethanone
- JWH-167
- JWH-201
- JWH-202
- JWH-203
- JWH-204
- JWH-205
- JWH-206
- JWH-207
- JWH-208
- JWH-209
- JWH-237
- JWH-248
- JWH-249
- JWH-250
- JWH-251
- JWH-252
- JWH-253
- JWH-302
- JWH-303
- JWH-304
- JWH-305
- JWH-306
- JWH-311
- JWH-312
- JWH-313
- JWH-314
- JWH-315
- JWH-316
- RCS-8
|
|---|
| Pyrazolecarboxamides |
- 5F-AB-FUPPYCA
- 5F-AMPPPCA
- AB-CHFUPYCA
|
|---|
Tetramethylcyclo- propanoylindazoles | |
|---|
Tetramethylcyclo- propanoylindoles | |
|---|
| Others |
- 2F-QMPSB
- 4-HTMPIPO
- 4CN-CUMYL-BUT7AICA
- 5F-3-pyridinoylindole
- 5F-ADB-P7AICA
- 5F-CUMYL-P7AICA
- 5F-CUMYL-PEGACLONE
- 5F-PY-PICA
- 5F-PY-PINACA
- A-836,339
- A-955,840
- A-PBITMO
- A-PONASA
- AB-001
- ADB-FUBHQUCA
- ADB-FUBIATA
- ADB-P7AICA
- AM-1248
- AM-1714
- Abnormal cannabidiol
- BAY 38-7271
- BAY 59-3074
- BzODZ-EPyr
- CB-13
- CB-86
- CBS-0550
- CUMYL-4CN-B7AICA
- CUMYL-CB-MEGACLONE
- CUMYL-CH-MEGACLONE
- CUMYL-PEGACLONE
- Cis-THC
- EG-018
- GSK-554,418A
- GW-842,166X
- HHCP-O-acetate
- HHCH
- Iso-THC
- JTE 7-31
- LASSBio-881
- LBP-1
- Leelamine
- MDA-19
- MDA-7
- MEPIRAPIM
- NESS-040C5
- NMDMSB
- NMP-7
- O-1269
- O-1270
- O-1399
- O-1602
- O-2220
- O-889
- Olorinab
- PF-03550096
- PSB-SB-1202
- PTI-1
- PTI-2
- PTI-3
- QMPSB
- S-444,823
- S-777,469
- SER-601
- THCP-O-acetate
- Tedalinab
- URB-447
- VSN-16
- Vicasinabin
- WIN 55,212-2
- WIN 56,098
|
|---|
|
|---|
| Allosteric CBRTooltip Cannabinoid receptor ligands |
- AEF0117
- GAT100
- Org 27569
- Org 27759
- Org 29647
- PSNCBAM-1
- Pregnenolone
- RTI-371
- ZCZ-011
|
|---|
Endocannabinoid enhancers (inactivation inhibitors) | |
|---|
Anticannabinoids (antagonists/inverse agonists/antibodies) |
- ABD459
- AM-251
- AM-281
- AM-630
- AM-1387
- AM-4113
- AM-6527
- AM-6545
- Amauromine
- ANEB-001
- AZD-2207
- BML-190
- CAY-10508
- CB-25
- CB-52
- CB-86
- CE-178253
- COR170
- Drinabant (AVE1625)
- Hemopressin
- Ibipinabant (SLV319)
- JD-5037
- JTE-907
- LH-21
- LY-320,135
- MDA-77
- MJ-15
- MK-9470
- Monlunabant
- MRL-650
- NESS-0327
- NIDA-41020
- O-606
- O-1184
- O-1248
- O-1918
- O-2050
- O-2654
- Otenabant (CP-945,598)
- PF-514273
- PGN36
- PipISB
- PSB-SB-487
- Rezosicone
- Rimonabant (SR141716)
- Rosonabant (E-6776)
- SLV 319
- SR-144,528
- Surinabant (SR147778)
- Taranabant (MK-0364)
- TC-C 14G
- TM-38837
- VCHSR
- Voacamine
- Zevaquenabant
|
|---|
- See also: Cannabinoid receptor modulators (cannabinoids by pharmacology)
- List of: AM cannabinoids
- JWH cannabinoids
- Designer drugs § Synthetic cannabimimetics
|
|
|---|
| TRPA | | Activators |
- 4-Hydroxynonenal
- 4-Oxo-2-nonenal
- 5,6-EET
- 12S-HpETE
- 15-Deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2
- α-Sanshool (ginger, Sichuan and melegueta peppers)
- Acrolein
- Allicin (garlic)
- Allyl isothiocyanate (mustard, radish, horseradish, wasabi)
- AM404
- ASP-7663
- Bradykinin
- Cannabichromene (cannabis)
- Cannabidiol (cannabis)
- Cannabigerol (cannabis)
- Cinnamaldehyde (cinnamon)
- CR gas (dibenzoxazepine; DBO)
- CS gas (2-chlorobenzal malononitrile)
- Cuminaldehyde (cumin)
- Curcumin (turmeric)
- Dehydroligustilide (celery)
- Diallyl disulfide
- Dicentrine (Lindera spp.)
- Farnesyl thiosalicylic acid
- Formalin
- Gingerols (ginger)
- Hepoxilin A3
- Hepoxilin B3
- Hydrogen peroxide
- Icilin
- Isothiocyanate
- JT-010
- Ligustilide (celery, Angelica acutiloba)
- Linalool (Sichuan pepper, thyme)
- Methylglyoxal
- Methyl salicylate (wintergreen)
- N-Methylmaleimide
- Nicotine (tobacco)
- Oleocanthal (olive oil)
- Paclitaxel (Pacific yew)
- Paracetamol (acetaminophen)
- PF-4840154
- Phenacyl chloride
- Polygodial (Dorrigo pepper)
- Shogaols (ginger, Sichuan and melegueta peppers)
- Tear gases
- Tetrahydrocannabinol (cannabis)
- Tetrahydrocannabiorcol
- Thiopropanal S-oxide (onion)
- Umbellulone (Umbellularia californica)
- WIN 55,212-2
|
|---|
| Blockers | |
|---|
|
|---|
| TRPC | |
|---|
| TRPM | |
|---|
| TRPML | | Activators |
- EVP21
- MK6-83
- ML-SA1
- ML2-SA1
- PI(3,5)P2
- SF-22
- SN-2
|
|---|
| Blockers | |
|---|
|
|---|
| TRPP | |
|---|
| TRPV | | Activators |
- 2-APB
- 5,6-EET
- 9-HODE
- 9-oxoODE
- 12S-HETE
- 12S-HpETE
- 13-HODE
- 13-oxoODE
- 20-HETE
- α-Sanshool (ginger, Sichuan and melegueta peppers)
- Allicin (garlic)
- AM404
- Anandamide
- Bisandrographolide (Andrographis paniculata)
- Camphor (camphor laurel, rosemary, camphorweed, African blue basil, camphor basil)
- Cannabidiol (cannabis)
- (cannabis)
- Capsaicin (chili pepper)
- Carvacrol (oregano, thyme, pepperwort, wild bergamot, others)
- DHEA
- Diacyl glycerol
- Dihydrocapsaicin (chili pepper)
- Estradiol
- Eugenol (basil, clove)
- Evodiamine (Euodia ruticarpa)
- Gingerols (ginger)
- GSK1016790A
- Heat
- Hepoxilin A3
- Hepoxilin B3
- Homocapsaicin (chili pepper)
- Homodihydrocapsaicin (chili pepper)
- Incensole (incense)
- Lysophosphatidic acid
- Low pH (acidic conditions)
- Menthol (mint)
- N-Arachidonoyl dopamine
- N-Oleoyldopamine
- N-Oleoylethanolamide
- Nonivamide (PAVA) (PAVA spray)
- Nordihydrocapsaicin (chili pepper)
- Paclitaxel (Pacific yew)
- Paracetamol (acetaminophen)
- Phenylacetylrinvanil
- Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD)
- Piperine (black pepper, long pepper)
- Polygodial (Dorrigo pepper)
- Probenecid
- Protons
- RhTx
- Rutamarin (Ruta graveolens)
- Resiniferatoxin (RTX) (Euphorbia resinifera/pooissonii)
- Shogaols (ginger, Sichuan and melegueta peppers)
- Tetrahydrocannabivarin (cannabis)
- Thymol (thyme, oregano)
- Tinyatoxin (Euphorbia resinifera/pooissonii)
- Tramadol
- Vanillin (vanilla)
- Zucapsaicin
|
|---|
| Blockers | |
|---|
|
|---|
See also: Receptor/signaling modulators • Ion channel modulators |