Khamaj
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| Thaat | Khamaj |
|---|---|
| Type | Shadava-sampurna |
| Time of day | Late night, 9–12[1] |
| Arohana | S G M P D N Ṡ |
| Avarohana | Ṡ Ṉ D P M G R S |
| Pakad | Ṉ D M P D M G[2] |
| Vadi | G |
| Samavadi | N |
| Synonym |
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| Equivalent | |
| Similar | Desh, Khambavati[1] |
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Khamaj (IAST: Khamāj) is a Hindustani classical Music raga within the Khamaj thaat which is named after it.
Many ghazals and thumris are based on Khamaj. It utilises the shuddha (pure) form of Ni on the ascent, and the komala (flat) form of Ni on the descent, creating a key asymmetry in compositional and improvisational performance. This raga has been explored more in the lighter forms of Hindustani Classical Music such as Thumri, Tappa etc. Having said that, many compositions in Dhrupad and Khayal are found as well. Harikambhoji is the equivalent rāgam in Carnatic music.
Theory [Raag Shashtra]
Arohana: S G M P D N Ṡ[a][1][2]
Avroha: Ṡ Ṉ D P M G R S[b][2][1][3]
Vadi Swar: G[2]
Samavadi Swar: N[2]
Compositions
In Dhrupad, Sadra, Khayal, Thumri & Tappa styles :
- Sudhi Bisara Gayi...(Sadra form – in 10 beat cycle of Jhaptal. Sung by Abdul Karim Khan of Kirana Gharana)
- "Ban Ban Dhunda liyo banvari......"(Set in TeenTal, composed by Acharya Dr Pandit Gokulotsavji Maharaj)[4]
- "nand ghar aaj baje badhai......"(Set in TeenTal, composed by Acharya Dr Pandit Gokulotsavji Maharaj)[4]
- Piya Tori Tirchhi Najar Laage Pyaari Re... (Bol Banav Ki Thumri form. Sung by Faiyaz Khan of Agra Gharana)
- Koyaliyan Kuhuk/Kook Sunaave... (Khayal/Bandishi Thumri form – in 16 beat cycle of Teentala. Sung by Nisar Hussain Khan of Rampur Gharana, Ajoy Chakrabarty of Patiala Gharana
- Shyaam Rang Daari... (Dhrupad form – in 14 beat cycle of Dhamar Tala. Sung by N. Zahiruddin Dagar & F. Wasfuddin Dagar)
- Ab Maan Jao Saiyaan...(Dadra) sung by Ustad Ghulam Abbas Khan of Rampur Sahaswan Gharana
- Sudh Naa Lini Jabse Gaye... (Dadra form – Sung by Faiyaz Khan of Agra Gharana and also Mentioned in Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande's Kramik Pustak Malika Vol. 2)
Hindi Film Songs based on Raga Khamaj:
- Bada natkhat hai...ka kare yashoda maiya, "Kuchh Toh Log Kahenge" and Raina Beet Jaye (with Todi in mukhara) – Amar Prem[5]
- Ayo kahanse ghanashyam – Buddha Mil Gaya
- Vo na aenge palatkar – Devdaas
- A dilse dil mila le – Navrang
- Dhal chuki shame Gam – Kohinoor
- Khat likha de savariyake nam babu
- Mere to giridharagopala – Meera
- Tere bina sajna lage na jiya hamar – Aarti
- Tere mere milan ki ye raina – Abhimaan
- Khamaj – Fuzön sung by Shafqat Amanat Ali
- Mitwa – Kabhi alvida na kehna
The Narsinh Bhajan "Vaishnav jan to" is also based on Khamaj.
The Sargam Geet is as follows: set to teentaal, that is sixteen beats:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 |
| G | G | S | G | M | P | G | M | N | D | _ | M | P | D | _ | M |
| G | _ | _ | _ | D | N | S' | _ | S ' | N | D | P | M | G | R | S |
This is the Prelude to the Sargam Geet, the underscore signifies the avagraha i.e. prolongation of the immediate previous note by one beat for one _ and
three beats in case of _ _ _
Film Songs
Language : Hindi
| Song | Movie | Composer | Singers |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vo Na Ayenge Palatkar | Devdas (1955 film) | S. D. Burman | Mubarak Begum |
| Piya Tose Naina Lage Re | Guide (film) | S. D. Burman | Lata Mangeshkar |
| Nazar Lagi Raja Tore Bungle Par | Kala Pani (1958 film) | S. D. Burman | Asha Bhosle |
| Ham Apna Unhe Bana Na Sake | Bhanwara | Khemchand Prakash | K. L. Saigal |
| Sajana Saanjh Bhayi | Roti (1942 film) | Anil Biswas (composer) | Begum Akhtar |
| Ab Kya Misal Dun | Aarti (film) | Roshan (music director) | Mohammed Rafi |
| Tere Bina Sajna Lage Na Jiya Hamar | Aarti (film) | Roshan (music director) | Mohammed Rafi & Lata Mangeshkar |
| Bata Do Koi Kaun Gali Gaye Shyam | Madhu (1959 film) | Roshan (music director) | Mohammed Rafi M & Lata Mangeshkar F |
| A Dil Se Dil Mila Le | Navrang | C. Ramchandra | Asha Bhosle |
| Dhal Chuki Sham-e-Gham | Kohinoor (1960 film) | Naushad | Mohammed Rafi |
| Chunariya Katati Jae | Mother India | Naushad | Mohammed Rafi & Lata Mangeshkar & Shamshad Begum |
| Mere To Giridhara Gopala | Meera (1979 film) | Ravi Shankar | Vani Jairam & Dinkar Kamanna |
| Sakhi Re Suun Bole Papiha | Miss Mary (1957 film) | Hemant Kumar | Lata Mangeshkar & Asha Bhosle |
| Jao Re jogi tum jao re | Amrapali (film) | Shankar–Jaikishan | Lata Mangeshkar |
| O Sajna Barakha Bahara Ayi | Parakh (1960 film) | Salil Chowdhury | Lata Mangeshkar |
| Ayo Kahan Se Ghanashyam | Buddha Mil Gaya | R. D. Burman | Manna Dey & Archana Mahanta |
| Bada Natkhat Hai Re Krishna Kahaiya | Amar Prem | R. D. Burman | Lata Mangeshkar |
| Kuch To Log Kahenge | Amar Prem | R. D. Burman | Kishore Kumar |
| Sham Dhale Jamuna Kinare | Pushpanjali (1970 film) | Laxmikant–Pyarelal | Lata Mangeshkar & Manna Dey |
| Khat Likh De Savariya Ke Naam Babu | Aaye Din Bahar Ke | Laxmikant–Pyarelal | Asha Bhosle |
Language:Tamil
| Song | Movie | Composer | Singer |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gnayiru Enbathu | Kaakum Karangal | K. V. Mahadevan | T. M. Soundararajan, P. Susheela |
| Kalviya Selvama Veerama | Saraswati Sabatham | T. M. Soundararajan | |
| Ennirandhu 16 Vayathu | Annai Illam | ||
| Anbulla Maanvizhiye | Kuzhandaiyum Deivamum | M. S. Viswanathan | |
| Ore Padal Unnai Azhaikkum | Engirundho Vandhaal | ||
| Sumaithaangi Saaindhaal | Thanga Pathakkam | ||
| Mellapo Mellapo | Kaavalkaaran | T. M. Soundararajan, P. Susheela | |
| Kungamapottin Mangalam | Kudiyirundha Koyil | ||
| Vizhiye Vizhiye | Puthiya Bhoomi | ||
| Acham Enbadhu Madamaiyada | Mannadhi Mannan | Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy | T. M. Soundararajan |
| Malargalai Pol Thangai | Pasamalar | ||
| Kelvi Piranthathu | Pachai Vilakku | ||
| Silar Siripaar Silar Azhuvaar | Paava Mannippu | ||
| Kalangalil Aval Vasantham | P. B. Sreenivas | ||
| Anbumanam Kanindhapinne | Aalukkoru Veedu | P. B. Sreenivas, P. Susheela | |
| Unnai Ondru Ketpen | Puthiya Paravai | P. Susheela | |
| Athaimadi Methaiyadi | Karpagam | ||
| Muthana Muthallavo | Nenjil Or Aalayam | ||
| Kavalaigal Kidakattum | Bandha Pasam | T. M. Soundararajan, P. B. Sreenivas | |
| Odam Nadhiyinile | Kathiruntha Kangal | Sirkazhi Govindarajan | |
| Devankoyil Maniyosai | Mani Osai | ||
| Thookam Un Kangalai | Aalayamani | S. Janaki | |
| Ammavuku Manasukulle | Manapanthal | S.C.Krishnan | |
| Amaithiyaana Nathiyinile | Aandavan Kattalai | T. M. Soundararajan, P. Susheela | |
| Naan Malarodu Thaniyaga | Iru Vallavargal | Vedha | |
| Naane Naana | Azhage Unnai Aarathikkiren | Ilayaraja | Vani Jairam |
| Manasukkulle Nayana | Mallu Vetti Minor | Arunmozhi, S. Janaki | |
| Megam Karukayilae | Vaidehi Kathirunthal | Ilayaraja, Uma Ramanan | |
| Adukku Malli Yeduthu | Aavarampoo | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. Janaki | |
| Mandhiram Idhu | K. J. Yesudas | ||
| Kanavu Kaanum | Neengal Kettavai | ||
| Pottu Vaitha Oru Vatta Nila | Idhayam | ||
| Pazhamuthir Cholai | Varusham Padhinaaru | ||
| Adi Kaana Karunkuyile | Poonthotta Kaavalkaaran | ||
| Vaana Malai | Idhu Namma Bhoomi | ||
| Eduthu Vecha | Ninaive Oru Sangeetham | S. Janaki, S. P. Balasubrahmanyam(Pathos) | |
| Sandhu Pottu | Thevar Magan | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Kamal Haasan | |
| Enna Paada Sollathey | Aan Paavam | S. Janaki | |
| Nadhi Odum Karaiyoram | Aavarampoo | ||
| Chinna Kuyil Paadum Pattu | Poove Poochooda Vaa | K. S. Chitra | |
| Thenmadurai Seemaiyile | Thangamana Raasa | ||
| Oru Naal Oru Kanavu | Kannukkul Nilavu | K. J. Yesudas, Anuradha Sriram | |
| Thendral Varum | Friends | Hariharan, Bhavatharini | |
| Diana Diana | Kaadhal Kavithai | Hariharan | |
| Ennavendru Solvathamma | Rajakumaran | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam | |
| En Kadhale | Duet | A. R. Rahman | |
| Chinna Chinna Aasai(Shankarabaranam traces too) | Roja | Minmini | |
| Uyire Uyire(charanam in Charukesi) | Bombay | Hariharan, K. S. Chithra | |
| Kannukku Mai Azhagu | Pudhiya Mugam | Unni Menon, P. Susheela | |
| Maya Machindra | Indian | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Swarnalatha | |
| Nenje Nenje | Ratchagan | K. J. Yesudas, Sadhana Sargam | |
| Aathangara Marame | Kizhakku Cheemayile | Mano, Sujatha Mohan | |
| Adi Nenthikkitten | Star | Karthik, Chitra Sivaraman | |
| Sandakkozhi | Aaytha Ezhuthu | Madhushree,A.R.Rahman | |
| Kummi Adi | Sillunu Oru Kaadhal | Sirkazhi G. Sivachidambaram, Swarnalatha, Naresh Iyer, Theni Kunjarammal, Vignesh, Chorus | |
| Maduraikku Pogathadee | Azhagiya Tamil Magan | Benny Dayal, Archith, Darshana KT | |
| Putham Puthu Olai | Vedham Pudhithu | Devendran | K. S. Chithra |
| Pullankuzhal Mozhi Tamil | Oorum Uravum | Shankar–Ganesh | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Vani Jairam |
| Kambangade Kambangade | Vaaname Ellai | Maragadha Mani | Maragadha Mani, K. S. Chithra |
| Vannathi Poochi | Paatti Sollai Thattathe | Chandrabose | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. S. Chithra |
| Aathu Mettu Thopukulle | Manasukketha Maharasa | Deva | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, P. Susheela |
| Vayakkaadu | Parambarai | Mano, K. S. Chithra | |
| Kannukulle | Dhill | Vidyasagar | Manikka Vinayagam |
| Lesa Lesa | Lesa Lesa | Harris Jayaraj | Anuradha Sriram |
Notes
Notable songs
- Kuch To Log Kahenge
- Tere Mere Milan Ki Ye Raina
- Mora Saiyyan Mose Bole
- Vaishnava Jana To(in Mishra Khamaj)
References
- ^ a b c d e Bor & Rao 1999.
- ^ a b c d e OEMI:KR.
- ^ SWAAI SANGEET (Part 1) Theory of Indian Classical Music by Prem Jialal Vasant
- ^ a b Māthura, Nītā. (2011). Śāstrīya saṅgīta ke sūrya : Ācārya (Paṃ.) Gokulotsava Jī Mahārāja : saṅgīta sevā, śāstra cintana evaṃ bandiśoṃ kā saṅkalana (1. saṃskaraṇa ed.). Naī Dillī: Rādhā Pablikeśansa. ISBN 978-81-7487-765-9. OCLC 769743702.
- ^ Anirudha Bhattacharjee; Balaji Vittal (2012). R. D. Burman: The Man, The Music. Harper Collins India. p. 96. ISBN 978-93-5029-236-5.
Sources
- Bor, Joep; Rao, Suvarnalata (1999). The Raga Guide: A Survey of 74 Hindustani Ragas. Nimbus Records with Rotterdam Conservatory of Music. p. 100. ISBN 9780954397609.
- Khamāj Rāga (Hin), The Oxford Encyclopaedia of the Music of India. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195650983. Retrieved 8 October 2018.
- http://www.tanarang.com/english/khamaj_eng.htm
- https://www.parrikar.org/hindustani/khamaj/

