Percoidei

Percoidei
Top: Coral grouper (Cephalopholis miniata)

Bottom: Rainbow darter (Etheostoma caeruleum)

Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Suborder:
Superfamilies

see text

Percoidei is a suborder of bony fishes in the order Perciformes. Many commercially harvested fish species are considered to be contained in this suborder, including the groupers, seabasses and perches.

Divisions

The following classification is based on Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes:[1]

  • Suborder Percoidei
    • Family Serranidae Swainson, 1839 (sea basses)
    • Family Anthiadidae Poey, 1861 (fairy basslets or streamer basses)
    • Family Epinephelidae Bleeker, 1874 (groupers)
    • Family Liopropomatidae Poey, 1867 (painted basslets)
    • Family Grammistidae Bleeker, 1857 (soapfishes)
    • Family Percidae Rafinesque, 1815 (perches and darters)
    • Family Niphonidae Jordan, 1923 (Ara groupers)
    • Family Trachinidae Rafinesque, 1815 (weeverfishes)
    • Family Bembropidae Regan, 1913 (flatheads or duckbill flatheads)

The species in the family Grammistidae and the liopropomatid subfamily Diploprioninae[1] secrete a mucus-like toxin in their skin called grammistin, and when they are confined in a restricted space and subjected to stress, the mucus produces a foam that is toxic to nearby fish. These fishes are often called soapfishes.[2]

Former classification

Until recently, the Percoidei had a much more expanded treatment containing many different morphologically similar families. However, such a treatment is now known to be polyphyletic.[2]

  • Suborder Percoidei
    • Percoidea
      • Centropomidae (Snooks)
      • Latidae (Lates)
      • Gerreidae (Mojarras)
      • Centrogenyidae (False scorpionfishes)
      • Perciliidae (Southern basses)
      • Howellidae (Oceanic basslets)
      • Acropomatidae (Lanternbellies)
      • Epigonidae (Deepwater cardinalfishes)
      • Polyprionidae (Wreckfishes)
      • Lateolabracidae (Asian seaperches)
      • Mullidae (Goatfishes)
      • Glaucosomatidae (Pearl perches)
      • Pempheridae (Sweepers)
      • Oplegnathidae (Knifejaws)
      • Kuhliidae (Flagtails)
      • Leptobramidae (Beachsalmon)
      • Bathyclupeidae (Bathyclupeids)
      • Polynemidae (Threadfins)
      • Toxotidae (Archerfishes)
      • Arripidae (Australasian salmon (kahawai))
      • Dichistiidae (Galjoen fishes)
      • Kyphosidae (Sea chubs)
      • Terapontidae (grunters or tigerperches)
      • Percichthyidae (temperate perches)
      • Sinipercidae (Chinese perches)
      • Enoplosidae (Oldwives)
      • Pentacerotidae (Armourheads)
      • Dinopercidae (Cavebasses)
      • Banjosiidae (Banjofishes)
      • Centrarchidae (Sunfishes)
      • Serranidae (Sea basses)
      • Percidae (Perches)
      • Lactariidae (False trevallies)
      • Dinolestidae (Long-finned pikes)
      • Scombropidae (Gnomefishes)
      • Pomatomidae (Bluefishes)
      • Bramidae (Pomfrets)
      • Caristiidae (Manefishes)
    • Possibly related to Acanthuriformes
    • Seven families which may have a relationship to Acanthuroidei, Monodactylidae, and Priacanthidae
    • Superfamily Cirrhitoidea
      • Cirrhitidae (Hawkfishes)
      • Chironemidae (Kelpfishes)
      • Aplodactylidae (Marblefishes)
      • Cheilodactylidae (Morwongs)
      • Latridae (Trumpeters)
    • Superfamily Cepoloidea
    • Superfamily Siganoidea
      • Scatophagidae (Scats)
      • Siganidae (Rabbitfishes)
    • incertae sedis
      • † Labrax Pallas 1810[3]
        • † L. lepidotus Agassiz 1836
        • † L. major Agassiz 1836
        • † L. schizurus Agassiz 1835
        • † L. vogdtii Bogatshov 1942

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Percoidei.
  1. ^ a b Fricke, R.; Eschmeyer, W. N.; Van der Laan, R. (2025). "ESCHMEYER'S CATALOG OF FISHES: CLASSIFICATION". California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 2025-02-10.
  2. ^ a b J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. pp. 430–467. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6.
  3. ^ Labrax at Fossilworks.org
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