Protohippus genus of horse .[ 3] [ 4]
Analysis of Protohippus' skull and teeth suggests that it is most closely related to the genus Calippus .[ 4]
P. simus . This animal died from a
breech birth , where the hind feet instead of the head of the foal emerges first. As the foal did not fully emerge, infection may have ensued, killing the mother. From
Cherry County ,
Nebraska . At the
AMNH .
Protohippus foot.
Species
P. vetus P. perditus P. supremus (also P. simus )P. gidleyi
See also
References
^ Leidy, Joseph (1858). "Notice of Remains of Extinct Vertebrata, from the Valley of the Niobrara River, collected during the Exploring Expedition of 1857, in Nebraska, under the command of Lieut. G. K. Warren, U. S. Top. Eng., by Dr. F. V. Hayden, Geologist to the Expedition" . Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia . 10 : 20– 29. JSTOR 4059296 . ^ Leidy, Joseph (1869). "The Extinct Mammalian Fauna of Dakota and Nebraska: Including an Account of Some Allied Forms from Other Localities, Together with a Synopsis of the Mammalian Remains of North America" . Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia . Ser. 2. 7 : 275– 279, 401. ^ MacFadden, Bruce J.; Dobie, James L. (1998). "Late Miocene Three-Toed Horse Protohippus (Mammalia, Equidae) from Southern Alabama". Journal of Paleontology . 72 (1): 149– 152. Bibcode :1998JPal...72..149M . doi :10.1017/S0022336000024082 . JSTOR 1306685 . S2CID 132815106 . ^ a b Hulbert, Richard C. Jr. (1988). "Calippus and Protohippus (Mammalia, Perissodactyla, Equidae) from the Miocene (Barstovian-Early Hemphillian) of the Gulf Coastal Plain" (PDF) . Bulletin of the Florida State Museum Biological Sciences . 32 (3): 221– 340.
Incertae sedis
† Ghazijhippus † Mesolambdolophus † Olbitherium † Anthracobunia
† Anthracobunidae
Anthracobune Hsanotherium Jozaria Obergfellia † Cambaytheriidae
Cambaytherium Kalitherium Nakusia Perissobune
† Brontotheriidae Equoidea
† Hyopsodontidae?
Aletodon Chacomylus Dorraletes Haplaletes Haplomylus Hyopsodus Litomylus Louisina Monshyus Paratricuspiodon Paschatherium Phenacodaptes Tricuspiodon † Phenacodontidae ?
† Meniscotheriinae† Phenacodontinae
Almogaver Copecion Eodesmatodon Lophocion Phenacodus
Tapiromorpha
Incertae sedis
† Cambaylophus † Skopaiolophus † Isectolophidae
Chowliia Gandheralophus Karagalax Meridiolophus Orientolophus Sastrilophus † Homogalaxinae† Isectolophinae
Isectolophus Schizolophodon
† AncylopodaCeratomorpha
† Breviodon † Fouchia † Minchenoletes † Siamolophus † Triplopus † Yimengia † IndolophidaeRhinocerotoidea sensu stricto
† Hyrachyidae† Eggysodontidae
Allacerops Eggysodon Guangnanodon Proeggysodon † Hyracodontidae
Ardynia Ephyrachyus Epitriplophus Hyracodon Prohyracodon Rhodopagus Triplopides † Amynodontidae
Amynodontopsis Armania Cadurcotherium Caenolophus Huananodon Hypsamynodon Procadurcodon Rostriamynodon Teilhardia † Amynodontinae
† Cadurcodontini
Cadurcodon Lushiamynodon Sharamynodon Sianodon † Metamynodontini
Gigantamynodon Megalamynodon Metamynodon Paramynodon Zaisanamynodon
† Paraceratheriidae
Rhinocerotidae
† Amphicaenopus † Epiaceratherium † Guixia † Teletaceras † Uintaceras † Woodoceras † Aceratheriinae
Aceratherium Acerorhinus Alicornops Aphelops Chilotheridium Chilotherium Floridaceras Galushaceras Hoploaceratherium Mesaceratherium Peraceras Persiatherium Plesiaceratherium Ronzotherium Shansirhinus Sinorhinus Subchilotherium † Elasmotheriinae
† Diceratheriini
Diceratherium Penetrigonias Skinneroceras Subhyracodon Trigonias † Elasmotheriini
Bugtirhinus Caementodon Elasmotherium Hispanotherium Iranotherium Kenyatherium Meninatherium Menoceras Ninxiatherium Ningxiatherium Ougandatherium Parelasmotherium Procoelodonta Sinotherium Tongxinotherium
Rhinocerotinae
† Dromoceratherium † Lartetotherium † Molassitherium † Protaceratherium † Teleoceratini
Aprotodon Brachydiceratherium Brachypotherium Diaceratherium Prosantorhinus Shennongtherium Teleoceras Rhinocerotina
Extinct genera of
Equidae (Horse family) , arranged by subfamily
Basal forms Anchitheriinae Equinae
Hipparionini
Baryhipparion Cremohipparion Cormohipparion Eurygnathohippus Hipparion Hippotherium Nannippus Neohipparion Plesiohipparion Proboscidipparion Pseudhipparion Scaphohippus Shanxihippus Sivalhippus Equini
Taxon identifiers
Protohippus
