Timeline of Guangzhou

The following is a timeline of the history of the Chinese city of Guangzhou, also formerly known as Panyu, Canton, and Kwang-chow.[1][2]

Nanyue

Part of a series on the
History of China
History of China in Chinese characters and seal script
Prehistoric
  • Paleolithic
  • Neolithic (c. 8500 – c. 2000 BC)
Yellow, Yangtze, and Liao civilization
Ancient
  • Xia (c. 2070 – c. 1600 BC)
  • Shang (c. 1600 – c. 1046 BC)
Late Shang (c. 1250 – c. 1046 BC)
  • Zhou (c. 1046 – c. 256 BC)
Western Zhou (1046–771 BC)
Eastern Zhou (771–256 BC)
Spring and Autumn (c. 770 – c. 476 BC)
Warring States (475–221 BC)
Imperial
  • Qin (221–207 BC)
  • Han (202 BC – 220 AD)
Chu–Han Contention (206–202 BC)
Western Han (202 BC – 9 AD)
Xin (9–23 AD)
Eastern Han (25–220 AD)
Wei, Shu Han, and Wu
  • Jin (266–420)
   
Western Jin (266–316)
Eastern Jin (317–420)


  • Sixteen Kingdoms (304–439)
  • Sui (581–618)
  • Tang (618–907)
    • Wu Zhou (690–705)
   
  • Song (960–1279)
Northern Song (960–1127)
Southern Song (1127–1279)
  • Yuan (1271–1368)
  • Ming (1368–1644)
  • Qing (1644–1912)
Modern
Chinese Civil War (1927–1949)
Great Retreat (1949)
   
  • Republic of China (Taiwan,
    1949–present)
Related articles
  • 214 BCE – Panyu established as a Qin base during Zhao Tuo's first failed invasion of the southern lands of the Baiyue
  • 204 BCE – Panyu becomes the capital of Zhao Tuo's kingdom of Nanyue.

Imperial China

  • 111 BCE – Panyu becomes a provincial capital of the Han dynasty after the Han–Nanyue War as the Han expands southward.
  • 226 CE – Panyu becomes the seat of Guang Prefecture ("Guangzhou").
  • 401 – Guangxiao Temple first established as the "Baoen Guangziao" Temple.[3]
  • 537 – Temple of the Six Banyan Trees built.
  • 878–879 — Guangzhou massacre instigated by forces loyal to Huang Chao
  • 1350 – Huaisheng Mosque rebuilt.[4]
  • 1380 – Zhenhai Tower built.
  • 1516 – Portuguese merchants arrive.[5]
View of Canton with merchant ship of the Dutch East India Company, c. 1665
  • 1600 – Pazhou Pagoda built.
  • 1619 – Chigang Pagoda built.
  • 1684 – British East India Company in business.[6]
Painting of the Thirteen Factories c. 1820, with flags of Denmark, Spain, the U.S., Sweden, Britain, and the Netherlands
  • 1821 – Xigutang literary society formed.[7]
  • 1822 – Fire.[8]
  • 1827 – The Canton Register, an English-language newspaper, begins publication.[9][10]
  • 1832 – Jardine, Matheson and Co. in business.
  • 1834 – Wetmore & Co. in business.[11]
  • 1835 – The Canton Press, an English-language newspaper, begins publication.[9]
  • 1840 – Augustine Heard and Company in business.[11]
  • 1841
    • February 27: Battle of First Bar.
    • March 2: Battle of Whampoa.
    • March 18: Battle of Canton
    • May: Second Battle of Canton.
  • 1842 – City designated a treaty port under the Treaty of Nanking.[6]
  • 1848 – Apostolic Vicariate of Guangdong-Guangxi established.
  • 1856
    • British/French occupation begins.[6]
    • Thirteen Factories set on fire.[11]
  • 1859 – Shameen Island divided into French and British concessions.[6]
  • 1861 – British/French occupation ends.[6]
  • 1863 – Sacred Heart Cathedral built.
  • 1866 – Yu Yin Shan Fang garden laid out.[12]
  • 1879
    • City area: 6.5 square kilometers (approximate).[13]
    • Population: 400,000 (estimate).[13]
  • 1894
    • Plague (3rd Pandemic).
    • Chen Clan Academy built.
  • 1895 – First Guangzhou uprising
  • 1908 – Guangzhou North Railway Station opens.
  • 1911
    • Kowloon–Canton Railway begins operating.
    • Second Guangzhou Uprising

Republic of China

  • The Shakee Massacre on June 23, 1925, resulted in over two hundred casualties due to gunfire by British, French and Portuguese forces in Shaji (called Shake in Cantonese)
  • 1918 – Urban council established.
  • 1923
    • June: National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party held in Guangzhou.[14]
    • Kuomintang in power.[15]
  • 1924
    • Peasant Movement Training Institute and Whampoa Military Academy open.
    • Canton Merchant Volunteers Corps Uprising.
    • National Kwangtung University established.
  • 1927 – December 11–13: Communist uprising.[16]
  • 1931 – Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall built.
  • 1932
    • Guangzhou Baiyun Airport opens in Baiyun District.
    • Guangzhou Conservatory of Music founded.
  • 1933 – Haizhu Bridge constructed.
  • 1936
    • Canton–Hankou Railway begins operating.
    • Population: 1,122,600 (estimate).[6]
  • 1938 – October 21: Japanese occupation begins.[6]
  • 1945 – September 16: Japanese occupation ends.[17]
  • 1949
    • Nationalist government under the acting president Li Zongren relocates to Guangzhou.
    • Nanfang Daily newspaper begins publication.

People's Republic of China

  • 1949
    • October: Communist forces enter city.
    • Radio Guangdong begins broadcasting.
  • 1952 – Guangzhou Daily newspaper begins publication.
  • 1954
    • Guangzhou Evergrande Football Club formed.
    • South China Institute of Botany active.[18]
  • 1956 – Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine founded.
  • 1957
    • Beijing–Guangzhou Railway in operation.
    • Canton Fair begins.
    • Guangzhou Symphony Orchestra founded.
    • Population: 1,840,000.[19]
  • 1958
    • Guangzhou Academy of Fine Arts in operation.
    • Jinan University relocates to Guangzhou.
  • 1959 – Guangdong Provincial Museum founded.
  • 1964 – Population: 3,031,486.[20]
  • 1967 – Renmin Bridge built.
  • 1981 - Sister city relationship established with Los Angeles, USA.[21]
  • 1982
    • Guangzhou Library and Liyuan Poetry Society established.[22]
    • Population: 3,181,510 city; 5,669,640 urban agglomeration.[23]
  • 1983 – Mausoleum of the Nanyue King discovered.[24]
  • 1984
    • Guangzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone established.
    • City designated sub-provincial city administrative status.
    • Southern Weekly newspaper begins publication.
  • 1985
    • Zhujiang Brewery begins operation.
    • Guangzhou Bridge built.
  • 1988
    • Haiyin Bridge built.
    • Museum of the Mausoleum of the Nanyue King opens.
  • 1990
    • Guangdong International Building constructed.
    • Avon begins hiring ladies in Guangzhou.[25]
    • Population: 6,299,943.[26]
  • 1991
    • Guangzhou TV Tower erected.
    • November: 1991 FIFA Women's World Cup held.
  • 1992 – Guangzhou Free Trade Zone established.[27]
  • 1996 – Guangzhou East railway station opens.
  • 1997
    • Guangzhou Metro begins operating.
    • CITIC Plaza and Humen Pearl River Bridge built.
    • Southern Metropolis Daily begins publication.
    • Xiangjiang Safari Park opens.
  • 1998 – Hedong Bridge, Jiangwan Bridge, Jiefang Bridge, and Huanan Bridge open.
  • 2000 – Yajisha Bridge opens.
  • 2001
    • Guangdong Olympic Stadium opens.
    • November: Chinese National Games held in Guangzhou.
  • 2002
    • Vitamin Creative Space founded.[28]
    • Population: 10,106,229.[26]
  • 2003
    • Zhang Guangning becomes mayor.
    • Pazhou Bridge opens.
  • 2004
    • Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport opens in Huadu District.
    • Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center built.
    • Guangzhou International Women's Open tennis tournament begins.
  • 2006 – Chime-Long Paradise amusement park in business.
  • 2008 – Huangpu Bridge and Xinguang Bridge open.
  • 2009 – Liede Bridge opens.
  • 2010
    • Canton Tower and Guangzhou International Finance Center built.
    • November: 2010 Asian Games held.
    • Guangzhou Opera House, Guangdong Museum, and Guangzhou South Railway Station open.
    • Wan Qingliang becomes mayor.
    • Guangzhou Television Cantonese controversy.
    • Guangzhou Bus Rapid Transit system launched.[29]
  • 2011
    • Guangzhou–Zhuhai Intercity Railway begins operating.
    • Pearl River Tower built.
    • Chen Jianhua becomes mayor.
  • 2012 – Leatop Plaza and The Pinnacle built.
  • 2013 – Air pollution in Guangzhou reaches annual mean of 48 PM2.5 and 72 PM10, more than recommended.[30]
  • 2021 – 2021 Guangzhou bombing.

See also

  • Guangzhou history
  • List of administrative divisions of Guangzhou
  • Mayor of Guangzhou
  • List of newspapers in Guangdong
  • List of universities and colleges in Guangzhou
  • List of historic buildings in Guangzhou
  • List of tallest buildings in Guangzhou (sortable by date)
  • Eight Sights of Guangzhou
  • Major National Historical and Cultural Sites (Guangdong) in Guangzhou
  • Southward expansion of the Han dynasty
  • Other names of Guangzhou
  • Urbanization in China

Notes

  1. ^ EB (1878), p. 37.
  2. ^ EB (1911), p. 218.
  3. ^ IDHP (1996).
  4. ^ ArchNet.org. "Guangzhou". USA: MIT School of Architecture and Planning. Archived from the original on 7 October 2012. Retrieved 14 March 2013.
  5. ^ Szczesniak (1956).
  6. ^ a b c d e f g Webster's (1960).
  7. ^ Hiromasa (1986).
  8. ^ Chronologies (1990), "Fires".
  9. ^ a b "Guangzhou Newspapers", WorldCat, Online Computer Library Center, retrieved 14 March 2013
  10. ^ Slade, John (1835), Canton Register, Vol. VIII
  11. ^ a b c Farris (2007).
  12. ^ Keswick (2003).
  13. ^ a b Lo & al. (1977).
  14. ^ Dictionary of the CCP (2012), p. 15.
  15. ^ Paulès (2009).
  16. ^ Dirlik (1997).
  17. ^ CCAHC (2000).
  18. ^ "Garden Search: China". London: Botanic Gardens Conservation International. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
  19. ^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1976). "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1975. New York. pp. 253–279. Canton{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  20. ^ "部分年份城乡人口分布", 广东省志：人口志 (in Chinese), Local Records Office of Guangdong, retrieved 4 August 2011
  21. ^ "Sister Cities of Los Angeles". City of Los Angeles. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
  22. ^ Lam (2007).
  23. ^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1987). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1985 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 247–289.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  24. ^ "Guangzhou", China, Lonely Planet, retrieved 14 March 2013
  25. ^ Kristof, Nicholas (3 May 1992), "Guangzhou: Let a Thousand Lipsticks Bloom", New York Times
  26. ^ a b 广州市商业网点发展规划主报告（2003—2012） (PDF), Beijing: Department of Market System Development, Chinese Ministry of Commerce, retrieved 4 August 2011
  27. ^ UN (2005).
  28. ^ "China". Art Spaces Directory. New York: New Museum. Retrieved 2 December 2013.
  29. ^ Komanoff, Charles (15 March 2010), "Postcard From a Guangzhou Traffic Jam", New York Times
  30. ^ World Health Organization (2016), Global Urban Ambient Air Pollution Database, Geneva, archived from the original on March 28, 2014{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

References

  • John Stewart Bowman, ed. (2000), Columbia Chronologies of Asian History & Culture, Columbia University Press.
  • Douglas, Robert Kennaway (1878), "Canton" , in Baynes, T. S. (ed.), Encyclopædia Britannica, vol. 5 (9th ed.), New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, pp. 37–39
  • Douglas, Robert Kennaway (1911), "Canton" , in Chisholm, Hugh (ed.), Encyclopædia Britannica, vol. 5 (11th ed.), Cambridge University Press, pp. 218–220.
  • Sullivan, Lawrence R. (2012), Historical Dictionary of the Chinese Communist Party, Scarecrow Press, ISBN 978-0-8108-7225-7.
  • Schellinger; Salkin, eds. (1996), International Dictionary of Historic Places: Asia and Oceania, Routledge, ISBN 9781884964046
  • Wetterau, Bruce (1990), New York Public Library Book of Chronologies, New York: Prentice Hall, OL 1885709M.
  • Webster's Geographical Dictionary, Springfield: G. & C. Merriam Co., 1960, OL 5812502M.
  • Dirlik, Arif (1997), "Narrativizing Revolution: The Guangzhou Uprising (11-13 December 1927) in Workers' Perspective", Modern China, vol. 23
  • Farris, Jonathan A. (2007), "Thirteen Factories of Canton: An Architecture of Sino-Western Collaboration and Confrontation", Buildings & Landscapes, vol. 14
  • Hiromasa, Inoue (1986), "Wu Lanxiu and Society in Guangzhou on the Eve of the Opium War", Modern China, vol. 12
  • Keswick, Maggie (2003), The Chinese Garden, Frances Lincoln Publishers, ISBN 9780711220317
  • Lam Lap (2007), "The Revival of Classical-Style Poetry Writing: A Field Study of Poetry Societies in Guangzhou", Chinese Literature: Essays, Articles, Reviews, vol. 29
  • Lo Chor-Pang Pannell, Clifton W.; Welch, Roy (1977), "Land Use Changes and City Planning in Shenyang and Canton", Geographical Review, vol. 67.
  • Paulès, Xavier (2009), "Opium in the City: A Spatial Study of Guangzhou's Opium Houses, 1923–1936", Modern China, vol. 35
  • Szczesniak, Boleslaw (1956), "Pictorials of Contempt: A Note on the British in Mid-19th Century Canton", Monumenta Serica, vol. 15
  • United Nations (2005), Free Trade Zone and Port Hinterland Development, United Nations Publications, ISBN 9789211204346.

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