Timeline of Rotterdam

The following is a timeline of the history of the municipality of Rotterdam, Netherlands.

Prior to 19th century

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flag Netherlands portal
In 1572 Rotterdam was plundered by the Spanish troops of Count Bossu
Map of Rotterdam, 1649
  • ca. 950 - Settlement at the lower end of the fen stream Rotte
  • 1270 - Dam built on Rotte.
  • 1299 - John I, Count of Holland granted rights to the people of Rotterdam, marking the origin of the town.[1]
  • 1328 - Latin school established
  • 1340 - City rights granted by William IV, Count of Holland.[2]
  • 1350 - Rotterdamse Schie (canal) constructed (approximate date).
  • 1466 - Erasmus, philosopher and Catholic theologian born.[1]
  • 1477 - Saint Lawrence Church consecrated.
  • 1489 - Rotterdam besieged by forces of Frans van Brederode.[1]
  • 1563 - Fire.[3]
  • 1572 - Spanish in power.[1]
  • 1574 - Admiralty of Rotterdam organized.
  • 1611 - Guild of Saint Luke active (approximate date).
  • 1622 - Erasmus statue by Hendrick de Keyser erected.[4][1]
  • 1626 - Collegium Mechanicum established.[5]
  • 1632 - Population: 20,000 (approximate).[1]
  • 1643 - Scottish Presbyterian church built.[6]
  • 1722 - Exchange built.[4]
  • 1769 - Batavian Society for Experimental Philosophy founded.
  • 1773 - Studium Scientiarum Genetrix literary society formed.[7]
  • 1780 - Birth of Hendrik Tollens, poet.[1]
  • 1781 - Rotterdamse Academie established.
  • 1796 - Population: 53,212.[1]
  • 1797 - Netherlands Missionary Society founded.
  • 1798 - Organ installed in Saint Lawrence Church.[2]

19th century

Plan of Rotterdam in 1873 with plan of expansion
  • 1813 - Johan François van Hogendorp van Heeswijk becomes mayor.
  • 1835 - Town Hall rebuilt.[2]
  • 1838 - Population: 72,000.[8]
  • 1844 - Nieuwe Rotterdamsche Courant begins publication.[9]
  • 1847 - Delftsche Poort railway station opens.
  • 1849 - Boymans Museum opens.[10]
  • 1851 - Royal Maas Yacht Club founded.
  • 1857 - Zoo opens.[1]
  • 1859 - Rotterdamsch Leeskabinet (library) founded.
  • 1863 - Rotterdam Bank established.
  • 1866 - Population: 115,277.[11]
  • 1869 - Feijenoord becomes part of city.[1]
  • 1870 - Municipal waterworks established.[1]
  • 1872 - Nieuwe Waterweg constructed.
  • 1873 - Netherlands-America Steamship Company in business.
  • 1874
    • Katendrecht village becomes part of city.
    • Oldenzeel art gallery in business.[12]
    • Fountain installed at Nieuwe Markt.[4]
    • Maritime Museum founded.[13]
  • 1875
    • Post office built.[1]
    • Koninklijke Rotterdamsche Lloyd shipping firm in business.
  • 1876 - Rotterdamsche reinigingsdienst formed.
  • 1877 - Railway Bridge,[4] Rotterdam Zuid railway station, and Rotterdam Beurs railway station open.
  • 1878 - Willemsbrug opens.[4]
  • 1879
    • Horsecar trams begin operating.
    • Passage (arcade) built.[4]
  • 1882 - Fish Market built.[4]
  • 1885 - Museum for Geography and Ethnology opens.[14]
  • 1886 - Delfshaven becomes part of city.[1]
  • 1891 - Population: 203,500.[4]
  • 1894 - Municipal gas and electricity established.[1]
  • 1895 - Charlois and Kralingen become part of city.[1]
  • 1898 - Witte Huis built.
  • 1900 - "Record office" established.[1]

20th century

  • 1904
    • Museum van Oudheden (city history museum) in operation in the Schielandshuis.
    • Schiecentrale built.
  • 1905
    • Electric trams begin operating.
    • Population: 379,017.[1]
  • 1908
    • Rotterdam Hofplein railway station opens.
    • Wilhelmina football club formed.
  • 1913 - Netherlands School of Commerce founded.
  • 1920 - Voorwaarts newspaper begins publication.[9]
  • 1925 - Economic Faculty Association established.
  • 1927 - Natural History Museum established.
  • 1930
  • 1931
    • Rotterdamse Dansschool founded.
    • Van Nelle Factory built.
  • 1934
    • Hoogvliet and Pernis become part of city.
    • De Doelen (concert hall and convention centre) built.
  • 1937
  • 1938
    • Pieter Oud becomes mayor.
    • Yevhen Konovalets is assassinated in Rotterdam by Pavel Sudoplatov.
  • 1940
    • May 14: Rotterdam Blitz.[18]
    • Diergaarde Blijdorp (zoo) re-opens.
  • 1941 - Hillegersberg, IJsselmonde, Overschie, and Schiebroek become part of city.
  • 1945 - Pieter Oud becomes mayor again.
  • 1946
    • Plan for the Reconstruction of Rotterdam adopted.
    • Algemeen Dagblad begins publication.
  • 1953
    • Rotterdam Blaak railway station and Rotterdam Noord railway station open.
    • Groothandelsgebouw built.
  • 1956 - Airport opens.
  • 1957 - Rotterdam Centraal railway station opens.
  • 1958 - Arboretum Trompenburg opens.
  • 1960
    • Euromast tower built.
    • City hosts Floriade horticulture exhibition.
  • 1962 - Port of Rotterdam ranked world's busiest port by cargo tonnage.
  • 1964
    • Rotterdam Lombardijen railway station opens.
    • Hilton Hotel built.
  • 1965 - Regional Rinjmond Public Authority created.[19]
  • 1966 - De Doelen (concert hall and convention centre) rebuilt.
  • 1968 - Rotterdam Metro begins operating.
  • 1969 - Rotterdam Alexander railway station opens.
  • 1970
    • Poetry International first performance.
    • NRC Handelsblad begins publication, after the merger between Nieuwe Rotterdamsche Courant and Algemeen Handelsblad
    • Nedlloyd shipping firm in business.
    • Kralingen Music Festival held.
  • 1972 International Film Festival Rotterdam first started.
  • 1973
    • Charlois, Hoogvliet, and Hoek van Holland sub-municipalities created.[20]
    • Maasvlakte in operation.
  • 1974 - André van der Louw becomes mayor.
  • 1975
    • Prins Alexander sub-municipality created.[20]
    • Werkcentrum Dans founded.
  • 1976
    • IJsselmonde and Centrum Noord sub-municipalities created.[20]
    • Stoom Stichting Nederland railway museum founded.
  • 1977 - Sviib (student association) organized.
  • 1979 - HNLMS Buffel museum ship opens.
  • 1981
    • Rotterdam Marathon begins.
    • Baroeg (music venue) in business.
  • 1982 - Bram Peper becomes mayor.
  • 1984
    • Zomercarnaval begins.
    • Cube houses built near Oude Haven.
  • 1986 - Port of Rotterdam ranked world's busiest container port.
  • 1988 - Hogeschool Rotterdam established.
  • 1990 - Witte de With Center for Contemporary Art[21] and Shipping and Transport College established.[22]
  • 1991 - Gebouw Delftse Poort built.
  • 1992 - Kunsthal art museum opens.
  • 1993
    • Netherlands Architecture Institute relocates to Rotterdam.
    • Chabot Museum opens.[23]
  • 1994 - V2 Institute for the Unstable Media active.
  • 1996
    • Erasmus Bridge opens.
    • Schouwburgplein (square) redesigned.
  • 1997 - MAMA project established by Public Art Squad Foundation.[24]
  • 1999
    • Ivo Opstelten becomes mayor.
    • WORM (Rotterdam) active.[25]
  • 2000
    • Architecture Film Festival Rotterdam begins.
    • Codarts University for the Arts opens.
    • KPN Tower built.

21st century

Map of Rotterdam (2009)
  • 2001
    • World Port Center built.
    • Oceanium (aquarium) opens.
    • City designated a European Capital of Culture.
  • 2002 - Regio Randstad regional governance group formed.[26]
  • 2003 - Netherlands Photo Museum opens.
  • 2005 - Montevideo (residential skyscraper) built.
  • 2006
    • North Sea Jazz Festival begins in Rotterdam.
    • Rotterdam Circus Arts founded.
  • 2007 - RandstadRail and Betuweroute in operation.
  • 2009
    • Ahmed Aboutaleb becomes first Muslim mayor of a major European city.
    • Maastoren skyscraper built.
  • 2010
    • Rozenburg becomes part of city.
    • Pernis sub-municipality created.
    • New Orleans (residential skyscraper) built.
    • 2010 Tour de France cycling race starts from Rotterdam.
  • 2012 - Population: 616,250.
  • 2013 Maasvlakte 2 in operation.
  • 2014
    • Market Hall built.
    • Rotterdam Centraal station in operation.
  • 2020 - Population: 651,376
  • 2021
    • Depot Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen.[27]
    • De Zalmhaven built.
    • Floating Office Rotterdam (FOR)[28] built, accommodating the Global Center on Adaptation.

See also

  • History of Rotterdam
  • List of mayors of Rotterdam
  • List of churches in Rotterdam
  • List of national monuments in Rotterdam
  • Timelines of other municipalities in the Netherlands: Amsterdam, Breda, Delft, Eindhoven, Groningen, Haarlem, The Hague, 's-Hertogenbosch, Leiden, Maastricht, Nijmegen, Utrecht

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1910). "Rotterdam" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 23 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 766.
  2. ^ a b c "Rotterdam", Belgium and Holland, Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1910, OCLC 397759
  3. ^ Hammond's Comprehensive Atlas of the World, New York: Hammond & Co., 1913, OCLC 77937509, OL 23470505M
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h "Rotterdam", Belgium and Holland (3rd ed.), Leipsic: Karl Baedeker, 1891, OCLC 5624932, OL 23280595M
  5. ^ Arjan Van Dixhoorn; Susie Speakman Sutch, eds. (2008). The Reach of the Republic of Letters: Literary and Learned Societies in the Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-16955-5.
  6. ^ C.B. Black (1908). "Rotterdam". Holland: its Rail, Tram, and Waterways (3rd ed.). London: Adam and Charles Black.
  7. ^ Jim Parrott (ed.). "Chronology of Scholarly Societies". Scholarly Societies Project. Canada: University of Waterloo. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.
  8. ^ "Rotterdam", A hand-book for travellers on the continent (2nd ed.), London: John Murray, 1838, OCLC 2030550
  9. ^ a b Jan van de Plasse (2005). Kroniek van de Nederlandse dagblad- en opiniepers (in Dutch). Otto Cramwinckel. ISBN 978-90-75727-77-7. (timeline)
  10. ^ Beschrijving der schilderijen enz. in het Museum te Rotterdam, gesticht door Mr. F. J. O. Boymans. 1859.
  11. ^ "Netherlands". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1869. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590337.
  12. ^ Martha Op de Coul (2002). "In search of Van Gogh's Nuenen studio: the Oldenzeel exhibitions of 1903". Van Gogh Museum Journal. Retrieved November 29, 2012.
  13. ^ "Maritiem Museum Rotterdam". Retrieved November 29, 2012.
  14. ^ "History". Wereldmuseum Rotterdam. Retrieved November 29, 2012.
  15. ^ Unilever Nederland. "Onze geschiedenis" (in Dutch). Retrieved November 29, 2012.
  16. ^ "History of Unilever". Unilever. Retrieved November 29, 2012.
  17. ^ Charles Adams (1999), For Good and Evil: The Impact of Taxes on the Course of History (2nd ed.), Madison Books, ISBN 1568331231, OL 387134M, 1568331231
  18. ^ David T. Zabecki (2015). "Chronology of World War II in Europe". World War II in Europe: An Encyclopedia. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-81242-3.
  19. ^ Major Cities and Their Peripheries: Co-operation and Co-ordinated Management. Local and Regional Authorities in Europe. Council of Europe Press. 1993. ISBN 978-92-871-2394-7.
  20. ^ a b c Robert L. Morlan (1982). "Sub-Municipal Governance in Practice: The Rotterdam Experience". Western Political Quarterly. 35 (3): 425–441. doi:10.2307/447555. JSTOR 447555.
  21. ^ "Witte de With Contemporary Art". Retrieved November 29, 2012.
  22. ^ "History". STC-Group. Archived from the original on December 1, 2012. Retrieved November 29, 2012.
  23. ^ "Chabot Museum". Retrieved November 29, 2012.
  24. ^ "Showroom MAMA". Archived from the original on April 23, 2013. Retrieved November 29, 2012.
  25. ^ "WORM Rotterdam". Myspace. Archived from the original on December 3, 2012. Retrieved November 29, 2012.
  26. ^ Randstad Holland, Netherlands. OECD Territorial Reviews. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. 2007. ISBN 978-92-64-00793-2.
  27. ^ https://www.mvrdv.nl/projects/10/depot-boijmans-van-beuningen Depot Museum Boymans Van Beuningen
  28. ^ https://www.powerhouse-company.com/for-office Floating Office Rotterdam

Bibliography

In English

In Dutch

  • Abraham Jacob van der Aa (1847). "Rotterdam". Aardrijkskundig woordenboek der Nederlanden [Geographical dictionary of the Netherlands] (in Dutch). Vol. 9. Gorinchem: Jacobus Noorduyn. hdl:2027/mdp.39015039364024 – via HathiTrust.
  • Rotterdam in den loop der eeuwen [Rotterdam in the course of ages] (in Dutch). Rotterdam: W. Nevens. 1906.
  • Henri Zondervan, ed. (1921), "Rotterdam", Winkler Prins' Geillustreerde Encyclopaedie (in Dutch), vol. 14 (4th ed.), Amsterdam: Uitgevers-Maatschappy „Elsevier“, hdl:2027/mdp.39015068347924
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