Timeline of Durban

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Durban in the eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality, KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa.

19th century

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Timeline
List of years in South Africa
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Historical states
in present-day
South Africa
before 1600
  • Kingdom of Mapungubwe (1050–1270)
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1600–1700
  • Dutch Cape Colony (1652–1795)
1700–1800
  • Mthethwa Paramountcy (c.1780–1817)
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1800–1850
  • Dutch Cape Colony (1802–1806)
  • Cape Colony (1806–1910)
  • Waterboer's Land (1813–1871)
  • Zulu Kingdom (1818–1897)
  • Adam Kok's Land (1825–1861)
  • Winburg (1836–1844)
  • Potchefstroom (1837–1848)
  • Natalia Republic (1839–1843)
1850–1875
  • South African Republic (1852–1902)
  • Orange Free State (1854–1902)
  • Republic of Utrecht (1854–1858)
  • Lydenburg Republic (1856–1860)
  • Griqualand East (1861–1879)
  • Griqualand West (1870–1880)
  • Diggers' Republic (1870–1871)
1875–1900
  • Stellaland (1882–1885)
  • Goshen (1882–1883)
  • Nieuw Republiek (1884–1888)
  • Klein Vrystaat (1886–1891)
1900–present
  • Cape Colony (1806–1910)
  • Union of South Africa (1910–1961)
  • Transkei (1976–1994)
  • Bophuthatswana (1977–1994)
  • Venda (1979–1994)
  • Ciskei (1981–1994)
  • Republic of South Africa (1961–present)
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  • 1824 - British settlement of Port Natal established on land "acquired...through treaties with the Zulu king Shaka."[1][2]
  • 1835 - Settlement renamed "D'Urban" after British colonial administrator Benjamin D'Urban.[1][2]
  • 1839
    • A small British military force was stationed at the port.[2]
    • On its withdrawal Dutch emigrants from the Cape took possession and proclaimed the Natalia Republic.[2]
  • 1841 - Printing press in operation (approximate date).[3]
  • 1842
    • A British military force reoccupied Durban.[2]
    • Treaty signed by the Dutch recognizing British sovereignty.[2]
  • 1846 - "Native reserves" created.[4]
  • 1851 - Natal Times newspaper begins publication.[5]
  • 1852 - Mercury newspaper begins publication.[5]
  • 1854
    • "First Town Council, consisting of 8 members representing four wards" created.[6]
    • George Cato becomes mayor.
    • Natal Bank in business.[6]
    • D'Urban Club formed.
  • 1860
    • 26 June: Natal Railway (Market Square-Customs Point) begins operating in Durban.[1]
    • Indian workers begin to arrive in Durban.[4]
  • 1863 - Population: approximately 5,000 (3,390 white, 1,380 black and 230 Asian).[6]
  • 1865 - Sites for Albert Park and Victoria Park established.[7]
  • 1866 - Durban High School was founded.
  • 1870 - Durban Fire Department founded.[6]
  • 1880 - Magazine Barracks built.
  • 1882 - Durban High School for Girls was founded.
  • 1885 - Town Hall built.[6]
  • 1887 - Durban Girls' College was founded.
  • 1888 - Lord's cricket ground established.
  • 1889 - Natal cricket team formed.
  • 1896 - Population: 31,877.[7]
  • 1899 - Maris Stella School was founded.

20th century

1900s-1950s

  • 1902 - Electric tram begins operating.[6]
  • 1903
    • Utrecht and Vryheid become part of city.[6]
    • Indian Opinion newspaper begins publication.[6]
  • 1904
    • Zulu Ilanga lase Natal newspaper begins publication.[8]
    • Indian leader Mahatma Gandhi establishes settlement at Phoenix.[6]
    • Population: 67,842.[2]
  • 1908 - Union Whaling Station begins operating.[6]
  • 1910
    • Durban becomes part of newly formed Union of South Africa.[6]
    • Glenwood High School was founded.
  • 1911 - Population: 69,187 (31,783 white, 17,784 black, 19,620 Asian).[9]
  • 1914 - Indian Views newspaper begins publication.[10]
  • 1921
    • Clairwood Shree Siva Soobramoniar Temple built.
    • Comrades Marathon (Pietermaritzburg-Durban) begins.[6]
  • 1923 - Kingsmead Cricket Ground in use.
  • 1924 - Clifton School was founded.
  • 1926 - Memorial Cenotaph unveiled in Farewell Square.
  • 1929 - St. Henry's Marist College was founded.
  • 1931 - Natal University College Durban campus established.
  • 1935 - Durban officially gained its city status.
  • 1946 - Population: 338,817 city.[11]
  • 1949
    • Anti-Indian riot.
    • Electric tram stops operating.[6]
  • 1950 - Parliamentary Group Areas Act leads to urban apartheid.[4]
  • 1951 - November: World premiere of feature film Cry, the Beloved Country.[12]
  • 1953 - Northlands High School for Girls was founded.
  • 1958 - Kings Park Stadium opens.

1960s-1990s

  • 1960
    • Ukhozi FM radio begins broadcasting.
    • African Art Centre established.[13]
    • Population: 560,010 city; 681,492 metro.[14]
  • 1961
    • University College for Indians established on Salisbury Island.
    • Durban becomes part of the new Republic of South Africa.[6]
  • 1965 - Cinerama Theatre opens.[15]
  • 1966 - Brettonwood High School was founded.
  • 1968 - Durban Heights water reservoir begins operating.[6]
  • 1970 - Population: 736,853 city; 850,946 metro.[16]
  • 1972 - University of Durban-Westville opens.
  • 1973 - 1973 Durban strikes[4]
  • 1977 - Durban Container Terminal begins operating at the Port of Durban.
  • 1978 - 8 January: Academic Rick Turner assassinated.[17]
  • 1985
    • Anti-Indian unrest.
    • 23 December: Amanzimtoti bombing occurs near Durban.
    • Population: 634,301 city; 982,075 metro.[18]
  • 1986 - 14 June: Durban beach-front bombing occurs.
  • 1990
    • "Separate Amenities Act was repealed, thus opening up Durban’s facilities to all races."[6]
    • Northwood School was founded.
  • 1991 - Population: 715,669 city; 1,137,378 metro.[19]
  • 1993
    • June: 1993 African Championships in Athletics held in Durban.
    • Pavilion shopping centre in business in Westville.
  • 1995 - Sharks (rugby union) formed.
  • 1996
    • Part of 1996 Africa Cup of Nations football contest played in Durban.
    • Obed Mlaba becomes mayor.
    • City website Durban.gov.za launched (approximate date).[20]
    • Population: 669,242.[21]
  • 1997 - International Convention Centre opens.
  • 1998 - September: International summit of the Non-Aligned Movement held in city.
  • 1999 - November: Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting 1999 held in city.
  • 2000
    • July: XIII International AIDS Conference, 2000 held in city.[1]
    • 5 December: South African municipal elections, 2000 held.
    • Durban becomes seat of newly created eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality.

21st century

  • 2001
    • UN World Conference against Racism 2001 held in city.[22]
    • Population: 536,644 city.
    • Gateway shopping centre in business in nearby Umhlanga.
  • 2002
    • 6 February: 2002 Charlotte's Dale train collision occurs in vicinity of Durban.
    • 9 July: African Union launched in Durban.
  • 2003
    • Dolphins cricket team formed.
    • Part of 2003 Cricket World Cup played in Durban.
  • 2004
    • University of KwaZulu-Natal established.
    • uShaka Marine World theme park in business.
  • 2005 - 19 March: Demonstration at Kennedy Road shack settlement.
  • 2006
    • February: Strike at the University of KwaZulu-Natal.
    • 1 March: South African municipal elections, 2006 held.
  • 2007 - Eden College was founded.
  • 2008 - Ulwazi Programme for local history launched.[23]
  • 2009
    • 24 September: Airplane crash occurs.
    • 26 September: Ethnic attack on Kennedy Road shack settlement.
    • Moses Mabhida Stadium opens in Stamford Hill.
  • 2010
    • King Shaka International Airport opens.
    • Part of 2010 FIFA World Cup football contest played in Durban.
    • Field Band Academy founded.[24]
  • 2011
    • 18 May: South African municipal elections, 2011 held.
    • November–December: 2011 United Nations Climate Change Conference held in city.
    • James Nxumalo becomes mayor.[25]
    • Population: 595,061 city;[26] 3,442,361 metro.
  • 2013
    • March: International 5th BRICS summit held in city.
    • Part of 2013 Africa Cup of Nations football contest played in Durban.
  • 2016
    • 3 August: South African municipal elections, 2016 held.
    • 2016 African Championships in Athletics held in city.
    • Zandile Gumede becomes mayor.
  • 2017 - March: Durban bid for the 2022 Commonwealth Games rejected.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c Tuttle 2005.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g Britannica 1910.
  3. ^ Alan Charles Gore Lloyd (1904). J.Y.W. Macalister; Alfred W. Pollard (eds.). "Birth of Printing in South Africa". The Library: A Quarterly Review of Bibliography and Library Lore. 5. London: 31–43. hdl:2027/mdp.39015014978228. ISSN 0024-2160 – via HathiTrust. Incuadi yesibini yabafundayo Free access icon
  4. ^ a b c d Hendricks 2003.
  5. ^ a b Lloyd's 1906.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p "Durban Timeline 1497-1990". Cape Town: South African History Online. Retrieved 27 September 2017.
  7. ^ a b Henderson 1904.
  8. ^ Steven Anzovin and Janet Podell, ed. (2000). Famous First Facts. H.W. Wilson Co. ISBN 0824209583.
  9. ^ "British Empire: Province of Natal". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440 – via HathiTrust.
  10. ^ "Indian Newspapers in KwaZulu-Natal – 150 years of Indian Journalism". Ulwazi Programme (in English and Zulu). eThekwini Municipality. 4 November 2015. Retrieved 27 September 2017.
  11. ^ "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1955. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations. pp. 171–184.
  12. ^ "Packed house sees Durban's first world premiere", Natal Witness, 16 November 1951 – via Disa.ukzn.ac.za Free access icon
  13. ^ "Southern Africa, 1900 A.D.–present: Key Events". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
  14. ^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1965. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations. 1966. pp. 140–161.
  15. ^ "Movie Theaters in Durban, South Africa". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
  16. ^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office. "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1980. New York. pp. 225–252.
  17. ^ Jacqueline Audrey Kalley; et al., eds. (1999). Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997. Greenwood. ISBN 978-0-313-30247-3.
  18. ^ United Nations Department for Economic and Social Information and Policy Analysis, Statistics Division (1997). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1995 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 262–321. {{cite book}}: |author= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  19. ^ "South Africa". Africa South of the Sahara 2003. Regional Surveys of the World. Europa Publications. 2003. ISBN 9781857431315. ISSN 0065-3896.
  20. ^ "Durban.gov.za". Durban Metro Council. Archived from the original on 29 March 1996 – via Wayback Machine. Local Government - Durban - South Africa
  21. ^ "Population of Capital Cities and Cities of 100,000 or More Inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2012. United Nations Statistics Division. 2013.
  22. ^ "South Africa profile: Timeline". BBC News. 9 July 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
  23. ^ Durban Local History Museums, ed. (26 October 2009). "About". Ulwazi Programme (in English and Zulu). eThekwini Municipality. Retrieved 27 September 2017.
  24. ^ "Field day for music in Durban", The Mercury, South Africa, 26 June 2013 – via LexisNexis Academic
  25. ^ "South African mayors". City Mayors.com. London: City Mayors Foundation 25 September 2017.
  26. ^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2015. United Nations Statistics Division. 2016.

Bibliography

published in 19th-20th centuries

published in 21st century

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  • "(Durban)". Digital Innovation South Africa. University of KwaZulu-Natal. OCLC 225596326. (Articles, images etc.)
  • "Places: Durban". Cape Town: South African History Online.
  • "Registry: (Durban)". Archivalplatform.org. Rondebosch. (Directory of South African archival and memory institutions and organisations)
  • "(Durban)". AfricaBib.org. (Bibliography)
  • "(Durban)". Connecting-Africa. Leiden, Netherlands: African Studies Centre. (Bibliography)
  • "(Durban)". Internet Library Sub-Saharan Africa. Germany: Frankfurt University Library. 15 January 2019. (Bibliography)
  • "(Durban)" – via Europeana. (Images, etc.)
  • "(Durban)" – via Digital Public Library of America. (Images, etc.)
  • "(Durban)". Directory of Open Access Journals. UK. (Bibliography of open access Open access icon articles)

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